Table 3.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes during delivery and immediate postpartum (24-48 h) of 49 women enrolled in the Odon device pilot study: All women and by parity
| Indicators | Multiparous | Nulliparous | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 36 | N = 13 | N = 49 | |
| Mean (range) or n (%) | Mean (range) or n (%) | Mean (range) or n (%) | |
| Maternal outcomes | |||
| Any vaginal or perineal tearsa | 18 (50%) | 11 (85%) | 29 (59%) |
| Any vaginal or perineal tearsa and/or episiotomy | 23 (64%) | 12 (92%) | 35 (71%) |
| Vulvar tears | 2 (5%) | 0 | 2 (4%) |
| Vaginal lower half tears | 9 (25%) | 11 (85%) | 20 (40%) |
| Vaginal upper half tears | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Perineal 1st degree tear | 8 (22%) | 1 (8%) | 9 (19%) |
| Perineal 2nd degree tears | 1 (3%) | 1 (8%) | 2 (4%) |
| Perineal 3rd/4th degree tears | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Episiotomy | 7 (19%) | 2 (15%) | 9 (18%) |
| Cervical tearsb | 2 (5%) | 2 (15%) | 4 (8%) |
| Postpartum infection | 1(3%) | 1(8%) | 2 (4%) |
| Infant outcomes | |||
| Male | 21 (58%) | 9 (69%) | 30 (61%) |
| Mean gestational age (weeks) | 39.8 (37 - 41) | 40.0 (38 - 41) | 39.6 (37.0- 40.0) |
| Mean birth weight (grams) | 3654 (2780 - 4560) | 3488 (2880 - 4090) | 3610 (2780 - 4560) |
| Apgar score at 5 min ≥ 7 | 36 | 13 | 49 (100%) |
| Caput succedaneum and moulding | 3 (8%) | 5 (38%) | 8 (16%) |
| Cephalhematomac | 0 | 1 (8%) | 1 (2%) |
| Admission to neonatal intensive care unit | 1 (3%) | 1 (8%) | 2 (4%) |
aWomen may have more than one type of vaginal or perineal, excluding cervical tears
bThirty-women had at least one type of vaginal, perineal or cervical tears
cOne moderate