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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 19.
Published in final edited form as: Bioconjug Chem. 2017 Mar 17;28(4):880–884. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00057

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Co-engineering of Cas9 nuclease and carrier nanoparticles facilitates the packaging of CRISPR components and thus delivery efficiency. a) Glutamic acid tagged (E-tagged) Cas9 protein (Cas9En) self-assembled with arginine functionalized gold nanoparticles (NPs) to form large nanoassemblies. The sgRNA was also packaged into these nanoassemblies. b) The resultant assemblies delivered FITC labelled Cas9En-RNP directly into cell cytoplasm/nucleus through a membrane fusion-like mechanism with concomitant gene editing. c) Indel gene editing of AAVS1 and PTEN genes in HeLa cells. [1—NP:Cas9E20-RNP; 2—Cas9E20-RNP only; 3—cells only. Indel percentage is given in parenthesis.] Reprinted with permission from ref 31. Copyright 2017 American Chemical Society.