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. 2018 Feb 13;41(5):2609–2618. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3489

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Copyright: © Liu et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in bladder interstitial cells of Cajal-like cells (ICC-LCs) after spinal cord injury (SCI). (A, B and D) The mRNA and protein expression levels of four HCN subtypes in bladder were significantly decreased after SCI, and the decrease of HCN1 channel was the most significant (^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01 and ^***P<0.001). (C) Using immunofluorescence staining, we found that four HCN subtypes (red) were expressed in bladder ICC-LCs that were labeled by C-kit (green) in all three groups. (E) The expression levels of HCN channels in single bladder ICC-LC are represented by mean fluorescence density. The expression levels of all four HCN subtypes exhibited significant decrease in SCI rats and the HCN1 channel expression was also the most significantly altered one (^***P<0.001).