Table 4.

Performance of liver stiffness measurement by magnetic resonance elastography compared with liver biopsy in the detection of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD

Design	MRI (Tesla)	Comparison with scoring system	Comparison with US elastography	Fibrosis stage	Cut-off value (kPa)	AUROC	Se	Sp	PPV	NPV	References
Retrospective, single center (N = 142)	1.5 T	Yes	No	Stage ≥ 3	4.15	0.954	0.85	0.93	ND	ND	Kim et al. Radiology. 2013 [94]
Cross-sectional prospective, single center (N = 117)	3.0 T	No	No	Stage ≥ 1	3.02	0.838	0.554	0.907	0.911	0.542	Loomba et al. Hepatology. 2014 [96]
				Stage ≥ 2	3.58	0.856	0.657	0.915	0.767	0.862
				Stage ≥ 3	3.64	0.924	0.864	0.905	0.679	0.966
				Stage 4	4.67	0.894	0.800	0.944	0.571	0.981
Individual participant data pooled analysis (N = 232)	1.5 or 3.0 T	No	No	Stage ≥ 1	2.88	0.86	0.75	0.77	ND	ND	Singh et al. Eur Radiol. 2016 [97]
				Stage ≥ 2	3.54	0.87	0.79	0.81	ND	ND
				Stage ≥ 3	3.77	0.90	0.83	0.86	ND	ND
				Stage 4	4.09	0.91	0.88	0.87	ND	ND
Cross-sectional prospective, single center (N = 142)	3.0 T	Yes	Yes vs. VCTE (M probe)	Stage ≥ 1	2.5	0.80	0.750	0.857	0.990	0.846	Imajo et al. Gastroenterology. 2016 [62]
				Stage ≥ 2	3.4	0.89	0.873	0.850	0.884	0.836
				Stage ≥ 3	4.8	0.89	0.745	0.869	0.745	0.810
				Stage 4	6.7	0.97	0.909	0.945	0.588	0.992
Cross-sectional, single center (N = 125)	3.0 T	No	Yes vs. ARFI	Stage ≥ 1	2.99	0.799	0.583	0.906	0.894	0.615	Cui et al. Hepatology. 2016 [81]
				Stage ≥ 2	3.62	0.885	0.667	0.957	0.846	0.889
				Stage ≥ 3	3.62	0.934	0.905	0.933	0.731	0.980
				Stage 4	4.15	0.882	0.889	0.914	0.444	0.991
Cross-sectional prospective, single center (N = 100)	3.0 T 2D (60 Hz) 3D (40 or 60 Hz)	No	No	Stage ≥ 1 (3D,40 Hz)	1.77	0.848	ND	ND	ND	ND	Loomba et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 [95]
				Stage ≥ 2 (3D,40 Hz)	2.38	0.856	ND	ND	ND	ND
				Stage ≥ 3 (3D,40 Hz)	2.43	0.981	1.000	0.937	0.722	1.000
				Stage 4 (3D,40 Hz)	3.21	0.993	ND	ND	ND	ND
Cross-sectional prospective, single-center (N = 104)	3.0 T	No	Yes vs. VCTE (M and XL probe)	Stage ≥ 1	2.65	0.82	0.765	0.791	0.813	0.739	Park et al. Gastroenterology. 2017 [63]
				Stage ≥ 2	2.86	0.89	0.793	0.818	0.657	0.898
				Stage ≥ 3	2.99	0.87	0.778	0.803	0.483	0.938
				Stage 4	3.35	0.87	0.750	0.814	0.273	0.972
Cross-sectional prospective, multi-center (N = 90), Child	3.0 T	No	No	Stage ≥ 1	2.78	0.772	0.444	0.907	0.762	0.710	Schwimmer et al. Hepatology. 2017 [98]

AUROC Area under the receiver-operating characteristic, NPV negative predictive value, PPV positive predictive value, Se sensitivity, Sp specificity