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. 2017 Oct 19;2(20):e95085. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.95085

Figure 1. Hyperglycemia downregulates Notch1 pathway.

Figure 1

(A) Transcript levels of Notch1, Hey1, Hey2, EfnB2, and Nrg1 in AVM cells cultured in HG (25 mM) for 24 hours (blue) and 48 hours (red) by RT-qPCR (n ≥ 3). Comparisons to NG (5.5 mM), represented by the dotted line set to 1; data represent mean ± SEM. (B) N1ICD and HEY2 protein expression in AVM cells cultured in NG and HG for 24 hours and 48 hours. (C) Quantification of protein expression normalized to GAPDH (n = 3; mean ± SEM). (D) Examination of E13.5 WT murine hearts of nondiabetic and diabetic dams shows downregulation of Notch1, Hey2, EfnB2, Nrg1, and Bmp10 mRNA by RT-qPCR (n = 6 pooled hearts/group; mean ± SD). (E–H) Decreased expression of N1ICD and HEY2 in embryonic hearts exposed to maternal diabetes by immunohistochemistry (n = 3). Square boxes in left column in E–H are shown in higher magnifications from left to right. LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; IVS, interventricular septum. *P < 0.05, 2-tailed Student’s t test in C, with Holm-Bonferroni correction in A and D. Scale bars: 100 μm (E–H, left column); 20 μm (E–H, center and right columns).