Fig 5. Single realisations of the agent–based model describing invasion of an occupied domain from three separate locations (displayed in Fig 2).

Green resident cells are gentlemen in each scenario (with initial uniform concentration c_G = 0.6). Red cells enter the domain at a rate of four attempts per time-step. Simulations are displayed at times t = 50, 250. The first column represents gentlemen invaders, the middle column represents simple shover invaders and the third column represents smart shover invaders.