TABLE 3.
Adjusted Associations Between BMI Categories§ and Risk of Overall HF and its Subtypes
| Outcome | Adjusted Models |
Adjusted HRs for HF Outcomes* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight | Normal Weight |
Overweight | Obese Class I |
Obese Class II–III |
Per 1 SD higher BMI† |
||
| Overall HF | Model 1 | 1.26 (0.83 – 1.91) | Ref. | 1.22 (1.10 – 1.34) | 1.54 (1.38 – 1.72) | 2.60 (2.30 – 2.93) | 1.37 (1.32 – 1.42) |
| Model 2 | 1.28 (0.84 – 1.94) | Ref. | 1.18 (1.08 – 1.30) | 1.38 (1.24 – 1.54) | 2.19 (1.94 – 2.48) | 1.29 (1.24 – 1.34) | |
| HFrEF‡ | Model 1 | 2.04 (1.11–3.74) | Ref. | 1.07 (0.90–1.27) | 1.36 (1.11–1.65) | 1.87 (1.50–2.35) | 1.19 (1.11–1.28) |
| Model 2 | 2.16 (1.17–3.96) | Ref. | 1.03 (0.87–1.22) | 1.20 (0.98–1.46) | 1.49 (1.18–1.89) | 1.10 (1.01–1.18) | |
| HFpEF‡ | Model 1 | 0.67 (0.25–1.80) | Ref. | 1.41 (1.21–1.65) | 1.74 (1.45–2.08) | 3.28 (2.71–3.97) | 1.47 (1.39–1.55) |
| Model 2 | 0.69 (0.26–1.85) | Ref. | 1.38 (1.18–1.61) | 1.56 (1.30–1.87) | 2.72 (2.24–3.32) | 1.38 (1.30–1.46) | |
Separate Cox proportional hazard models were created for overall HF, HFpEF and HFrEF outcomes with mortality and other HF type (for HF subtype models) as censoring events
Separate models were also constructed for categorical and continuous measures of LPTA with adjustment for common covariates for each HF outcome
Incident HF patients without data on subtype classification were excluded from the HF subtype analysis
Underweight: <18.5 kg/m2; normal weight: 18.5 < 25 kg/m2; overweight: 25 to < 30.0 kg/m2; obese class I: 30.1 to < 35.0 kg/m2 obese class II/III ≥35 kg/m2
Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, income, education, study cohort, and LTPA levels
Model 2 adjusted for all variables in model 1 + HTN status, systolic BP, diabetes status, BMI, smoking, and alcohol intake