Table 3.
Multivariate Logistic Regression Models of Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Infection in the United States, 2011–2012
| Variable | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)a | P Value b |
|---|---|---|
| Age group, y | ||
| 20–29 | 1 (Referent) | |
| 30–39 | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | .54 |
| 40–49 | 1.2 (0.8–1.0) | .31 |
| ≥50 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | .05 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1 (Referent) | |
| Female | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | .85 |
| Birthplace | ||
| United States | 1 (Referent) | |
| Foreign | 14.9 (8.5–26.3) | <.01 |
| Household tuberculosis contact | ||
| No | 1 (Referent) | |
| Yes | 3.2 (1.5–6.9) | <.01 |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||
| Never | 1 (Referent) | |
| Former | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | .43 |
| Current | 1.7 (1.0–2.8) | .04 |
| Family size | ||
| Fewer than 3 | 1 (Referent) | |
| 3–5 | 1.6 (0.9–2.7) | .07 |
| 6 or more | 1.8 (1.0–3.4) | .05 |
| Diabetes status | ||
| Nondiabetic | 1 (Referent) | |
| Prediabetes | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | .28 |
| Diabetes | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | .04 |
aData are weighted odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) adjusting for the survey design. The model is adjusted for participant age, gender, household contact with a tuberculosis case, birthplace (United States or foreign born), smoking status, family size, and diabetes status. In a separate multivariate model, adding time since arrival in the United States, the association seen among tuberculosis infection, and diabetes remained unchanged (adjusted odds ratio, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0–2.3). A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube test and is included in Supplementary Materials Table E1.
b P value is an F statistic with noninteger degrees of freedom by using a second-order Rao and Scott correction, taking into account the survey design.