Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients (n = 158)
| Characteristics | |
|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD), years | 67.2 ± 12.6 |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Male | 84 (53.2) |
| Female | 74 (46.8) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |
| Single | 3 (1.9) |
| Married | 105 (66. 4) |
| Widowed | 38 (24.1) |
| Divorced | 12 (7.6) |
| Income, n (%) | |
| >10,000 SR | 38 (24.0) |
| 5,000–10,000 SR | 27 (17.1) |
| <5,000 SR | 93 (58.9) |
| Education, n (%) | |
| University degree | 18 (11.4) |
| Secondary and high school | 33 (20.9) |
| Primary school | 36 (22.8) |
| Illiterate | 71 (44.9) |
| Job status, n (%) | |
| Retired | 78 (49.4) |
| Unemployed | 63 (39.9) |
| Employed | 17 (10.8) |
| Living status, n (%) | |
| With full family | 97 (61.4) |
| With sons | 49 (31.0) |
| With spouse | 10 (6.3) |
| Living alone | 2 (1.3) |
| Physical activity, n (%) | |
| Active | 23 (14.6) |
| Inactive | 135 (85.4) |
| Smoking, n (%) | |
| Non-/ex-smoker | 147 (93) |
| Current smoker | 11 (7) |
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 30.52 ± 7.61 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mean ± SD), mmol/L | 10.14 ± 3.97 |
| Duration of diabetes (mean ± SD), years | 15.48 ± 9.74 |
| HbA1c (mean ± SD), % | 8.56 ± 1.94 |
| Control of diabetes, n (%) | |
| Controlled | 34 (21.5) |
| Uncontrolled | 122 (77.2) |
| Types of medications, n (%) | |
| Lifestyle only | 22 (13.9) |
| Insulin use | 100 (63.3) |
| Oral agents only | 36 (22.8) |
| Length of hospital stay (mean ± SD), days | 6.68 ± 6.01 |
| Presence of micro- and macrovascular complications, n (%) | |
| Yes | 118 (74.6) |
| No | 40 (25.3) |
| Number of comorbidities (mean ± SD) | 2.9 ± 1.1 |
| Comorbidities and complications, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 116 (73.4) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 66 (41.8) |
| Dyslipidemia | 64 (40.5) |
| Heart failure | 48 (30.4) |
| Stroke | 17 (10.8) |
| Nephropathy | 34 (21.5) |
| Neuropathy | 5 (3.1) |
| Retinopathy | 5 (3.1) |