Figure 4.

5′-triphosphate induces RNA-sensing immune responses in human CD4⁺ T cells. A CCR5-targeting Cas9 RNP was delivered into primary CD4⁺ T cells using a MaxCyte electroporation system. (A) Cell viabilities at 3 and 7 d post-electroporation were determined by relative ATP level. (B) Live cell numbers from day 0 to 8 were counted after RNP delivery. Relative OAS2 (C) and DDX58 (D) mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR 3 d post-electroporation. (E) IFNB1 protein levels in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. Error bars, SEM; n = 3. Statistical significances were calculated by t-test. (*) P < 0.05, (**) P < 0.01, (n.s.) not significant.