Table 3.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemia
| N Used in Analyses |
Change From Baseline
|
P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin D (n = 61) | Placebo (n = 59) | |||
| HbA1c, % | 0.882a | |||
| Wk 16 | 117 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.749b |
| Wk 24 | 120 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.699b |
| Wk 36 | 114 | 0.2 ± 0.07 | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.581b |
| Wk 48 | 114 | 0.2 ± 0.06 | 0.2 ± 0.07 | 0.866b |
| Change in glycemia from baseline to wk 24, % (n/N)c | 120 | |||
| Decreased | 14.8 (9/61) | 10.2 (6/59) | 0.448 | |
| Increased or no change | 85.2 (52/61) | 89.8 (53/59) | ||
| Change in glycemia from baseline to wk 48, % (n/N) | 114 | |||
| Decreased | 10.2 (6/59) | 5.4 (3/55) | 0.351 | |
| Increased or no change | 89.8 (53/59) | 94.6 (52/55) | ||
Values are mean ± standard error of the mean after adjustment for stratified variables [(BMI <30 or ≥30 kg/m2), race (white vs non-white), diabetes therapy (metformin or lifestyle)] and baseline value of the outcome variable.
a
P value for the overall difference over time from linear mixed model.
b
P values for the difference at each time point.
c
“Change in glycemia” is a composite outcome prespecified as follows: “decreased,” if the intensity of diabetes medication was lowered or HbA1c decreased by ≥0.4% during the follow-up period; “Increased or no change.”