Figure 1.

Targeting chronic neuro-inflammation with Engineered Nanoparticles (ENPs). The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) in blue is made up of a single layer of endothelial cells (sealed by tight junctions) surrounded by pericytes and astrocytic feet. Under chronic neuro-inflammation, resting astrocytes and surveying microglia switch towards reactive counterparts (in red). Customized ENPs (in green) can cross the BBB either through Carrier-Mediated Transport (CMT), Adsorptive-Mediated Transcytosis (AMT) or Receptor-Mediated Transcytosis (RMT) (in orange) to treat chronic neuro-inflammation.