Table 2.
Factors Associated With Human Herpesvirus Sheddinga as Determined by Generalized Estimating Equation Modeling
| Factors Associated With Shedding | Any HHVb | HSV | EBV | CMV | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age (10-y increments) | 0.91 (.81–1.02) | .09 | 0.76 (.37–1.60) | .48 | 0.73 (.59–.93) | .01 | 0.93 (.78–1.10) | .38 |
| White non-Hispanic | 0.97 (.81–1.17) | .76 | 1.02 (.26–3.96) | .98 | 1.03 (.69–1.54) | .87 | 0.99 (.74–1.32) | .94 |
| Time since HIV infection, mo | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | .18 | 0.87 (.77–.98) | .02 | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | .03 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | .39 |
| ART use | 0.95 (.79–1.15) | .61 | 0.63 (.17–2.34) | .49 | 0.84 (.56–1.27) | .41 | 1.04 (.82–1.31) | .77 |
| HIV RNA log10 copies | 0.98 (.92–1.04) | .5 | 1.24 (.88–1.75) | .21 | 0.97 (.85–1.09) | .6 | 0.99 (.90–1.08) | .76 |
| HIV RNA <50 copies | 0.98 (.79–1.20) | .81 | 0.33 (.07–1.54) | .16 | 0.83 (.49–1.42) | .5 | 1.02 (.73–1.41) | .92 |
| CD4+ cells/µL (100-cell increase) | 0.97 (.94–1.01) | .12 | 0.97 (.85–1.10) | .63 | 0.95 (.89–1.02) | .17 | 0.98 (.93–1.03) | .39 |
| CD8+ cells/µL (100-cell increase) | 0.99 (.98–1.01) | .44 | 0.99 (.92–1.08) | .88 | 0.99 (.96–1.02) | .55 | 1.00 (.99–1.02) | .57 |
| HHV-6 | HHV-7 | HHV-8 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | RR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Age (10-y increments) | 1.04 (.62–1.78) | .86 | 0.37 (.23–.60) | <.01 | 0.91 (.51–1.61) | .74 |
| White non-Hispanic | 1.41 (.42–4.74) | .58 | 0.53 (.25–1.12) | .1 | 1.21 (.43–3.44) | .72 |
| Time since HIV infection, mo | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | .04 | 0.99 (.96–1.02) | .38 | 1.00 (.98–1.01) | .49 |
| ART use | 1.00 (.41–2.44) | 1 | 0.26 (.09–.70) | <.01 | 0.71 (.29–1.76) | .46 |
| HIV RNA log10 copies | 0.87 (.61–1.25) | .46 | 0.96 (.76–1.21) | .72 | 0.79 (.63–1.00) | .05 |
| HIV RNA <50 copies | 1.29 (.32–5.18) | .72 | 0.44 (.13–1.58) | .21 | 1.76 (.73–4.24) | .2 |
| CD4+ cells/µL (100-cell increase) | 0.89 (.74–1.07) | .22 | 0.96 (.86–1.07) | .63 | 1.09 (.94–1.28) | .26 |
| CD8+ cells/µL (100-cell increase) | 0.89 (.77–1.03) | .11 | 0.96 (.90–1.02) | .2 | 0.99 (.93–1.05) | .67 |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HHV, human herpesvirus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HSV, herpes simplex virus 1/2; RR, relative risk.
a
Defined as detectable shedding during any time point.
b
Herpes 1–8 excluding varicella.