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. 2017 May 30;65(7):1103–1111. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix506

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© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — A–W, Relationship between gene expression levels and methylation. Correlation between messenger RNA expression and the mean methylation percentage of all CpG sites in 23 selected genes in patients with chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) and controls, according to linear regression analysis. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. DNA methylation in promoters is closely linked to downstream gene repression. DNA methylation may affect the affinity of transcription factors for their binding sites. An average promoter methylation is usually used in studies, whereas recent results suggested that methylation of individual cytosines can also be important. However, it is absolutely not obvious if this dogma may be applied to CpG sites located in the gene body or 3ʹ region. This may explain why we detected direct or inverse correlations between our expression level and methylation level.