Table 2. Comparisons of the barriers for formylation, methylation, and hydride transfer from [NHP]H and HCO2––[Si]H2 to formamides a .
| Substrate |
Formylation | Methylation |
Hydride transfer to formamide |
||||
| Hydride source |
Hydride source |
||||||
| [NHP]H | HCO2––[Si]H2 | [NHP]H | HCO2––[Si]H2 | ||||
| ΔG≠ | ΔG≠ | ΔG≠ | ΔG≠ | ΔG≠ | |||
| 1a |
|
21.8(23.7) b | 25.1(25.1) | 27.1(29.0) | 1b | 37.3(37.3) | 36.7(38.6) |
| 2a |
|
29.3(31.2) | 2b | 46.5(46.5) | 41.8(43.7) | ||
| 3a |
|
20.5(22.4) | 3b | 44.1(44.1) | 43.6(45.5) | ||
| 4a |
|
18.8(20.7) | 4b | 43.3(43.3) | 43.7(45.6) | ||
| 5a |
|
20.7(22.6) | 5b | 38.3(38.3) | 36.5(38.4) | ||
| 6a |
|
17.3(19.2) | 6b | 42.5(42.5) | 39.8(41.7) | ||
| 7a |
|
22.5(24.4) | 7b | 35.7(35.7) | 34.6(36.5) | ||
aAll optimized structures of the transition states are displayed in Fig. S12.
bValues in parentheses are the free energy barriers without corrections.