Table 1.
Personal characteristics of participants (N = 654).
| Variable | Visit 1 | Visit 2 | Visit 3 or more |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 654) | (n = 387) | (n = 94) | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 73.1 ± 6.8 | 76.1 ± 6.6 | 79.8 ± 6.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.1 ± 4.0 | 27.9 ± 4.2 | 28.1 ± 4.2 |
| Weight (kg), mean ± SD | 85.0 ± 14.4 | 84.2 ± 14.9 | 83.3 ± 14.3 |
| Height (m), mean ± SD | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
| Smoking status, N (%) | |||
| Never | 196 (30%) | 121 (31%) | 31 (33%) |
| Former | 432 (66%) | 249 (65%) | 60 (65%) |
| Current | 26 (4%) | 14 (4%) | 2 (2%) |
| Smoking pack–years, mean ± SD | 19.9 ± 24.2 | 20.3 ± 24.7 | 21.0 ± 25.0 |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 631 (97%) | 372 (97%) | 91 (97%) |
| Other | 17 (3%) | 11 (3%) | 3 (3%) |
| Physical exercise, n (%) | |||
| Low (12 h/week) | 412 (63%) | 247 (66%) | 66 (70%) |
| Medium (≥ 12 and < 30 h/week) | 145 (22%) | 82 (22%) | 13 (14%) |
| High (≥ 30 h/week) | 95 (15%) | 48 (12%) | 15 (16%) |
| Two or more alcoholic drinks per day, n (%) | 133 (20%) | 61 (16%) | 14 (15%) |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| < 12 years | 216 (33%) | 128 (33%) | 33 (35%) |
| 13–16 years | 306 (47%) | 180 (47%) | 49 (52%) |
| > 16 years | 132 (20%) | 79 (20%) | 12 (13%) |
| Season, n (%) | |||
| Spring (March–May) | 156 (24%) | 95 (25%) | 27 (29%) |
| Summer (June–August) | 187 (28%) | 104 (27%) | 26 (28%) |
| Fall (September–November) | 214 (33%) | 124 (32%) | 24 (25%) |
| Winter (December–February) | 97 (15%) | 63 (16%) | 17 (18%) |
| Lymphocyte count, mean ± SD (cells/cm3) | 25.9 ± 8.7 | 24.7 ± 7.8 | 23.6 ± 7.5 |
| Neutrophil count, mean ± SD (cells/cm3) | 61.7 ± 9.0 | 62.9 ± 8.5 | 64.1 ± 8.2 |
| Platelet count, mean ± SD (1000 cells/mm3) | 220.6 ± 55.7 | 220.8 ± 54.9 | 207.0 ± 57.5 |
| mtDNA lesionsa, mean ± SD | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.9 |
a
mtDNA lesions were measured per 10 kb.