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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 13.
Published in final edited form as: Cult Health Sex. 2017 Jan 19;19(8):918–933. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2016.1272715

Table 4.

Adjusted odds ratios of reporting abortion is ‘always wrong’ in South Africa in 2013.

Variable Foetal anomaly*** Poverty*** Both cases***



(n= 2477) (n = 2481) (n = 2459)



OR SD OR SD OR SD
Race/ethnicity (African-isiXhosa ref)
African-isiZulu 2.08* 0.43 3.59** 0.43 1.95* 0.43
African-Sepedi 2.74* 0.3 4.24** 0.30 2.65* 0.30
African-Setswana 2.49* 0.29 5.29*** 0.29 2.90** 0.29
African-Sesotho 3.59** 0.27 5.03*** 0.27 2.90** 0.27
African-other 2.38* 0.31 3.72** 0.31 2.36* 0.31
Coloured-Afrikaans 2.02* 0.24 3.14*** 0.24 1.94* 0.24
Coloured-English 2.87* 0.16 2.07 0.15 2.64* 0.15
Indian-any 1.64 0.17 1.38 0.17 1.39 0.17
White-Afrikaans 1.82 0.23 2.86** 0.23 1.86 0.23
White-English 1.03 0.19 1.21 0.19 1.06 0.19
Education (primary or less ref)
Some secondary 0.69* 0.49 0.99 0.49 0.62** 0.49
Completed secondary 0.63* 0.47 0.65 0.47 0.57** 0.47
Some tertiary 0.39** 0.30 0.63 0.30 0.36*** 0.30
Economic class (lower class ref)
Working class 0.97 0.42 1.27 0.42 0.98 0.42
Middle/upper class 0.87 0.48 1.08 0.48 0.91 0.48
Province (Western Cape ref)
Eastern Cape 1.71 0.34 2.29* 0.32 1.66 0.32
Northern Cape 1.58 0.14 2.50* 0.13 1.41 0.13
Free State 0.93 0.23 3.10** 0.23 1.10 0.23
KwaZulu-Natal 0.81 0.41 1.87 0.39 0.77 0.39
Northwest 1.56 0.25 2.11 0.25 1.52 0.25
Gauteng 2.55** 0.40 2.31** 0.44 2.61** 0.44
Mpumalanga 0.89 0.27 0.92 0.26 0.82 0.27
Limpopo 2.58* 0.33 2.55 0.31 2.69* 0.31
Urbanicity (urban-formal ref)
Urban-informal 1.38 0.29 1.32 0.29 1.57 0.29
Rural 1.05 0.45 0.95 0.45 0.96 0.45

All models controlled for gender, age, religion and political attitudes.

OR = odds ratio; SD = standard deviation.

***

p < .001;

**

p < .01;

*

p < .05;

Significantly greater odds are bolded and significantly lower odds italicised.