Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of children by HIV status
| Characteristic | PHIV N (%) |
HEU N (%) |
P-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Country: | |||
| Argentina | 2 (1.5) | 15 (27.8) | <0.001 |
| Brazil | 85 (62.0) | 39 (72.2) | |
| Mexico | 22 (16.1) | 0 | |
| Peru | 28 (20.4) | 0 | |
|
| |||
| Gestational age at birth: | |||
| <37 | 10 (12.8) | 4 (8.7) | 0.57 |
| ≥ 37 | 68 (87.2) | 42 (91.3) | |
| Missing | 59 | 8 | |
|
| |||
| Gender: | |||
| Female | 56 (40.9) | 24 (44.4) | 0.74 |
| Male | 81 (59.1) | 30 (55.6) | |
|
| |||
| Age at enrollment (months): | |||
| Mean (SD) | 34.7 (11.3) | 4.4 (3.8) | <0.001 |
| Median | 36.0 | 4.0 | |
| Range | 5–51 | 0–11 | |
|
| |||
| BMI at four years of age: | |||
| <−2 SD | 2 (1.5) | 0 | 0.89 |
| −2 SD to +2SD | 122 (89.0) | 48 (88.9) | |
| >+2 SD | 13 (9.5) | 6 (11.1) | |
|
| |||
| Immunologic status (CD4 count) at age four years: | |||
| No suppression (≥1000 cells/mm3) | 89 (65.0) | 44 (81.5) | 0.05 |
| Moderate (500–999 cells/mm3) | 42 (30.6) | 10 (18.5) | |
| Severe (<500 cells/mm3) | 6 (4.4) | 0 | |
|
| |||
| ARV prescribed at age four years: | |||
| cART/PI | 82 (59.9) | NA | |
| cART/NNRTI | 24 (17.5) | ||
| No cART | 3 (2.2) | ||
| No ARV | 28 (20.4) | ||
|
| |||
| CDC classification at age four years: | |||
| N | 11 (8.0) | NA | |
| A | 34 (24.8) | ||
| B | 38 (27.7) | ||
| C | 54 (39.4) | ||
|
| |||
| Viral Load (copies/mL) at age four years: | |||
| <500 | 68 (49.6) | NA | |
| 500–10,000 | 25 (18.2) | ||
| 10,000<100,000 | 29 (21.2) | ||
| ≥100,000 | 15 (11.0) | ||
1
P-values obtained using Fisher’s exact test for categorical characteristics and the t-test for continuous measures.
PHIV- Perinatally HIV-infected; HEU- HIV-exposed uninfected; BMI-Body Mass Index; ARV- antiretroviral treatment; cART- ARV regimen with at least 3 antiretroviral drugs; cART/PI- cART with Protease inhibitor drug; cART/NNRTI-cART with Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors drug.