Table 1.
Patient demographic and clinical characteristics
| N | Index stroke (N = 327) | Index TIA (N = 270) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female—n (%) | 597 | 141/186 (43/57) | 105/165 (39/61) | 0.296 |
| Age at index event—median (5th–95th percentile) | 597 | 69 (37–84) | 68.5 (40–83) | 0.970 |
| MPN characteristics | ||||
| MPN diagnosis—n (%) | 597 | 0.201 | ||
| Polycythemia vera | 107 (33) | 77 (29) | ||
| Essential thrombocythemia | 174 (53) | 163 (60) | ||
| Myelofibrosis | 46 (14) | 30 (11) | ||
| Mutational status—n (%) | 553 | 0.490 | ||
| JAK2 mutation/exon 12 | 270 (89) | 211 (85) | ||
| CALR mutation | 18 (6) | 21 (8) | ||
| MPL mutation | 4 (1) | 6 (2) | ||
| Triple negatives | 12 (4) | 11 (4) | ||
| Data at index event | ||||
| Imaging—n (%) | 578 | |||
| Computed tomography scan | 203 (64) | 177 (68) | 0.236 | |
| Magnetic resonance imaging scan | 116 (36) | 82 (32) | ||
| Blood cells values—median (5th–95th percentile) | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 433 | 14.0 (10.4–17.9) | 14.2 (10–17.6) | 0.401 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 418 | 43.0 (32.0–55.6) | 44.0 (34.0–54.0) | 0.238 |
| White blood cells count (×109/L) | 440 | 9.1 (4.5–20.0) | 8.9 (5.0–17.1) | 0.387 |
| Platelets count (×109/L) | 459 | 523 (204–1067) | 551 (255–1103) | 0.206 |
| Index event heralding MPN diagnosisa—n (%) | 597 | 149 (46) | 101 (37) | 0.044 |
| Index event after MPN diagnosis—n (%) | 178 (54) | 169 (63) | ||
| Years from MPN diagnosis to index event—median (5th–95th percentile) | 347 | 4.37 (0.26–22.2) | 4.48 (0.35–16.3) | 0.958 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| History of remoteb arterial and/or venous thrombosis—n (%) | 597 | 76 (23) | 44 (16) | 0.035 |
| History of remoteb cerebrovascular thrombosis—n (%) | 597 | 25 (8) | 16 (6) | 0.408 |
| Active smoking | 597 | 82 (25) | 46 (17) | 0.017 |
| Hypertension | 597 | 187 (57) | 140 (52) | 0.192 |
| Dyslipidemia | 597 | 91 (28) | 55 (20) | 0.035 |
| Diabetes | 597 | 38 (12) | 30 (11) | 0.845 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 597 | 23 (7) | 10 (4) | 0.079 |
| Other cardiogenic embolismsc | 597 | 42 (13) | 25 (9) | 0.167 |
| Microvascular disturbancesd | 597 | 77 (24) | 83 (31) | 0.048 |
| Presence of thrombophilia—n (%) | 238 | 54 (43) | 40 (36) | 0.307 |
| Inherited thrombophiliae | 16 (13) | 13 (12) | 0.835 | |
| Hyperhomocysteinemia | 30 (24) | 18 (16) | 0.155 | |
| Antiphospholipid antibodiesf | 13 (10) | 12 (11) | 0.885 | |
aIndex events (ischemic stroke and TIA) occurred within a maximum of two years before the diagnosis of MPN or as heralding manifestation of MPN
bAnamnestic thrombosis occurred two years or more before the diagnosis of MPN
cOther embolisms or cardiogenic embolisms include patent foramen ovale, valvular heart disease (mitral stenosis, artificial valves), significant carotid artery stenosis, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease
dMicrovascular disturbances include erythromelalgia, scintillating scotoma, pulsatile headache, dizziness, and tinnitus
eInherited thrombophilia includes deficiency of antitrombin, protein C, protein S, factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, increased levels of factor VIII
fAntiphospholipid antibodies include lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies