Table 1.
Plant-derived anticancer agents in clinical use and clinical trials
| Anticancer agent | Source | Chemical class | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Podophyllotoxin | Podophyllum peltatum, P. emodi | Podophyllum lignans | 123 |
| Etoposide | P. peltatum | Podophyllum lignans | 123 |
| Teniposide | P. peltatum | Podophyllum lignans | 123 |
| Combretastatin A4 phosphate | Combretum caffrum | Stilbenes | 126 |
| Betulinic acid | Betula spp. | Triterpene | 126 |
| Topotecan | Camptotheca acuminata | Alkaloid | 127 |
| Irinotecan | Plants of the genus Taxus (yews) | Alkaloid | 127 |
| Docetaxel | Plants of the genus Taxus | Taxane | 127 |
| Camptothecin | Camptotheca acuminata | Quinoline alkaloid | 127 |
| Flavopiridol | Dysoxylum binectariferum | Flavonoid alkaloid | 127 |
| Curcumin | Curcuma longa | Polyphenol | 127 |
| Elliptinium | Bleekeria vitiensis | Alkaloid | 132 |
| Gambogic acid | Garcinia hanburyi | Xanthonoid | 136 |
| Ingenol mebutate | Euphorbia peplus | Diterpene | 137 |
| Homoharringtonine | Cephalotaxus harringtonia | Alkaloid | 137 |
| Vinblastine | Catharanthus roseus | Vinca alkaloids | 137 |
| Vincristine | C. roseus | Vinca alkaloids | 137 |
| Paclitaxel | Taxus brevifolia | Taxane | 137 |
| Genistein | Genista tinctoria | Flavonoid | 138 |
| Resveratrol | Polygonum cuspidatum | Flavonoid | 138 |
| Piperlongumine | Piper longum | Alkaloid | 139, 140 |
| Bruceantin | Brucea antidysenterica | Quassinoid | 141 |