Table 2.
Characteristics of Study Participants Undergoing Chest Radiography and High-Resolution Computed Tomography
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%)a | |
|---|---|---|
| Undergoing Chest Radiography (n = 193) | Undergoing HRCT (n = 84) |
|
| Female sex | 89 (46) | 44 (52) |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 11.2 (9.0–12.8) | 11.6 (9.6–13.6) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR), y | 4.9 (2.7–7.5) | 5.5 (3.3–8.5) |
| Duration of ART, median (IQR), y | 4.8 (2.6–6.4) | 4.7 (2.7–6.6) |
| CD4 cell count, median (IQR), cells/µL | 720 (473–947) | 686 (447–887) |
| HIV load <400 copies/mL | 150 (79)b | 64 (77)c |
| Any respiratory symptom | 51 (26) | 32 (38) |
| MRC dyspnea score >1 | 22 (11) | 15 (18) |
| Daily cough for >1 mo | 30 (16) | 21 (25) |
| Daily cough for >1 mo with sputum | 18 (12) | 13 (15) |
| Wheezing | 9 (5) | 4 (5) |
| Household member who is a smoker | 42 (22) | 23 (27) |
| Height-for age z score ≤2 | 69 (36) | 32 (38) |
| Weight-for age z score ≤2 | 18 (9) | 9 (11) |
| Known history of asthma | 7 (4) | 2 (2) |
| History of Pneumocystis jirovecii | 6 (3) | 1 (1) |
| Previously treated for tuberculosis | 74 (38) | 34 (40) |
| Tachypnea (respiratory rate >30/min at rest for age 6–12 y or >24/min for age 13–16 y) | 12 (6) | 6 (7) |
| Abnormal SpO2 (resting hypoxia <92% or desaturation >5% with exercise) | 23 (12) | 15 (18) |
| Abnormal results of spirometryd | 40 (24) | 27 (37) |
| Obstructive pattern at spirometry | 7 (5)e | 5 (10)f |
| Chest radiograph identified as abnormal by respiratory physician | 84 (43) | … |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; MRC, Medical Research Council; SpO2, oxygen saturation.
aData represent No. (%) of participants unless otherwise specified.
bViral load data were missing in 3 participants.
cViral load data were missing in 2 participants.
dSpirometric results were of acceptable quality for 127 participants in the chest radiography group and 73 in the HRCT subgroup.
eSpirometric data available in 136 individuals.
fSpirometric data available in 51 individuals.