Table 2.
Multivariable‐Adjusted Hazard Ratios for the Development of All‐Cause Dementia and Its Subtypes According to UACR Level
| UACR, mg/g | Person‐Years at Risk, n | No. of Events, n | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | P for Trend | Model 2 HR (95% CI) | P for Trend | Model 3 | P for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | ||||||||
| All‐cause dementia | ||||||||
| ≤6.9 | 3498 | 55 | 1.00 (Reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.001 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.002 |
| 7.0–12.7 | 3429 | 65 | 1.10 (0.76–1.57) | 1.11 (0.77–1.60) | 1.12 (0.78–1.60) | |||
| 12.8–29.9 | 3279 | 109 | 1.66 (1.19–2.31)† | 1.64 (1.17–2.30)† | 1.65 (1.18–2.30)† | |||
| ≥30.0 | 3293 | 129 | 1.66 (1.20–2.29)† | 1.61 (1.15–2.26)† | 1.56 (1.11–2.19)* | |||
| Alzheimer disease | ||||||||
| ≤6.9 | 3498 | 35 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.02 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.01 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.01 |
| 7.0–12.7 | 3429 | 47 | 1.19 (0.77–1.85) | 1.19 (0.77–1.86) | 1.20 (0.77–1.86) | |||
| 12.8–29.9 | 3279 | 76 | 1.68 (1.12–2.52)* | 1.75 (1.15–2.64)† | 1.75 (1.16–2.64)† | |||
| ≥30.0 | 3293 | 80 | 1.51 (1.01–2.27)* | 1.60 (1.05–2.45)* | 1.58 (1.03–2.41)* | |||
| Vascular dementia | ||||||||
| ≤6.9 | 3498 | 12 | 1.00 (Reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.004 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.008 |
| 7.0–12.7 | 3429 | 12 | 0.99 (0.44–2.20) | 1.02 (0.46–2.27) | 1.03 (0.46–2.29) | |||
| 12.8–29.9 | 3279 | 26 | 2.08 (1.04–4.17)* | 1.94 (0.95–3.93) | 1.94 (0.96–3.95) | |||
| ≥30.0 | 3293 | 43 | 2.88 (1.50–5.54)† | 2.32 (1.16–4.62)* | 2.19 (1.09–4.38)* | |||
| Alzheimer disease and/or vascular dementia | ||||||||
| ≤6.9 | 3498 | 46 | 1.00 (Reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (Reference) | <0.001 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.002 |
| 7.0–12.7 | 3429 | 58 | 1.16 (0.79–1.71) | 1.18 (0.80–1.74) | 1.18 (0.80–1.74) | |||
| 12.8–29.9 | 3279 | 97 | 1.75 (1.22–2.50)† | 1.75 (1.22–2.52)† | 1.75 (1.22–2.52)† | |||
| ≥30.0 | 3293 | 114 | 1.74 (1.22–2.46)† | 1.72 (1.19–2.48)† | 1.66 (1.15–2.39)† | |||
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex. Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 plus educational level, history of stroke, systolic blood pressure, the use of antihypertensive agents, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, body mass index, smoking habits, alcohol intake, and regular exercise. Model 3: adjusted for Model 2 plus eGFR. CI indicates confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; UACR, urine albumin‐creatinine ratio.
*P<0.05, † P<0.01 vs reference.