Table 5.
Breathlessness and Exercise Tolerance by Group
| CHD‐APAH | CHD | Healthy Volunteers | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number | 20 | 20 | 18 | |
| WHO‐FC (I/II/III/IV) | 2/8/10/0 | 13/7/0/0 | 18/0/0/0 |
0.000 Fisher exact |
| WHO, median | 2.5 (2–3) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–1) | 0.0001 |
| MRC dyspnea score (1/2/3/4/5) | 2/8/9/1/0 | 13/7/0/0/0 | 18/0/0/0/0 |
0.0001 Fisher exact |
| MRC, median | 2.5 (2–3) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–1) | 0.0001 |
| Saturation % at rest | 82 (72–89) | 94 (82–96) | 97 (94–99) | 0.0001 |
| Saturation % at end 6MWD | 68 (45–82) | 89 (69–96) | 96 (94–98) | 0.0001 |
| Mean 6MWD, m (SD) | 360.35 (123.01) | 558.82 (70.59) | 622.0 (80.40) |
0.00001 ANOVA |
For patients with congenital heart disease–associated pulmonary artery hypertension (CHD‐APAH), CHD controls, and healthy volunteers. Kruskal–Wallis for nonparametric data, ANOVA for parametric data, χ2 for proportions, and Fisher exact for proportions where >20% of cells have expected frequencies of <5. 6MWD indicates 6‐minute walk distance; MRC, medical research council; WHO‐FC, World Health Organization Functional Class.