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. 2018 Feb 13;7(4):e007562. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.007562

Table 2.

Cardiac Dysfunction and Neuropsychological Performance

GLS LVEF
β 95% CI P Value β 95% CI P Value
Boston Naming Test −0.07 −0.14, −0.002 0.04 −0.005 −0.04, 0.03 0.82
Animal naming −0.06 −0.17, 0.06 0.33 −0.008 −0.07, 0.06 0.81
WAIS‐IV coding 0.003 −0.27, 0.28 0.98 −0.02 −0.17, 0.14 0.84
D‐KEFS Number Sequencing Test, sa −0.38 −0.80, 0.04 0.08 0.27 0.03, 0.50 0.02
Executive composite −0.004 −0.02, 0.01 0.64 −0.003 −0.01, 0.007 0.57
D‐KEFS Letter–Number Switching Test, sa −0.006 −0.97, 0.96 0.99 0.30 −0.24, 0.83 0.27
D‐KEFS Tower Test −0.05 −0.16, 0.06 0.37 0.006 −0.05, 0.07 0.85
D‐KEFS Color–Word Inhibition Test, sa 0.23 −0.30, 0.76 0.39 −0.07 −0.37, 0.23 0.63
Letter Fluency (FAS) Test −0.08 −0.34, 0.18 0.52 0.03 −0.11, 0.18 0.65
Hooper Visual Organization Test −0.01 −0.09, 0.06 0.69 0.02 −0.02, 0.06 0.34
Memory composite −0.02 −0.03, −0.0005 0.04 0.006 −0.004, 0.02 0.26
CVLT‐II total immediate recall −0.12 −0.35, 0.10 0.28 0.08 −0.04, 0.21 0.19
CVLT‐II delayed recall −0.11 −0.19, 0.03 0.007 0.02 −0.03, 0.07 0.40
CVLT‐II recognition −0.02 −0.04, 0.002 0.07 0.004 −0.007, 0.02 0.43
BFLT total immediate recall −0.83 −1.59, −0.07 0.03 −0.04 −0.47, 0.39 0.86
BFLT delayed recall −0.22 −0.42, −0.02 0.03 0.01 −0.10, 0.12 0.86
BFLT recognition −0.004 −0.009, 0.00 0.05 0.001 −0.001, 0.004 0.29

Analyses performed on n=318 participants. Models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, Framingham Stroke Risk Profile minus age, cognitive diagnosis, and APOE*ε4 status; β indicates the change in outcome as a function of 1‐U increase in the raw value of the predictor; neuropsychological performance values are total correct excluding timed tasks measured in seconds. The Boston Naming Test was the 30‐item odd version. BFLT indicates Biber Figure Learning Test; CI, confidence interval; CVLT‐II, California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition; D‐KEFS, Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; WAIS‐IV, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition.

a

Higher values in speeded test results indicate worse performance.