Table 2.
Characteristics of Cohort Patients and Procedures
| PATIENTS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristica | All (n = 8385) |
Reported penicillin allergy (n = 922) |
No reported penicillin allergy (n = 7463) |
P valueb |
| Age, median (IQR) | 64 (54–73) | 65 (56–73) | 64 (54–73) | .03 |
| Female sex | 4900 (58.4) | 664 (72.0) | 4236 (56.8) | <.001 |
| Race | .02 | |||
| White | 7130 (85.0) | 810 (87.9) | 6320 (84.7) | |
| Black | 284 (3.4) | 23 (2.5) | 261 (3.5) | |
| Hispanic | 327 (3.9) | 31 (3.4) | 296 (4.0) | |
| Asian | 192 (2.3) | 11 (1.2) | 181 (2.4) | |
| Other | 43 (0.5) | 1 (0.1) | 42 (0.6) | |
| Unknown | 409 (4.9) | 46 (5.0) | 363 (4.9) | |
| Body mass index | .15 | |||
| <18.5 | 108 (1.3) | 17 (1.8) | 91 (1.3) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 2003 (23.9) | 225 (24.4) | 1778 (23.8) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 2745 (23.7) | 283 (30.7) | 2462 (33.0) | |
| >30.0 | 3239 (38.6) | 380 (41.2) | 2859 (38.3) | |
| Missing | 290 (3.5) | 17 (1.8) | 273 (3.7) | |
| ASA class | .10 | |||
| I | 302 (3.6) | 19 (2.1) | 283 (3.8) | |
| II | 4913 (58.6) | 561 (60.9) | 4352 (58.3) | |
| III | 2779 (33.1) | 299 (32.4) | 2480 (33.2) | |
| IV | 383 (4.6) | 42 (4.6) | 341 (4.6) | |
| V | 8 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | |
| Medical comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 1298 (15.5) | 136 (14.8) | 1162 (15.6) | .52 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1922 (22.9) | 175 (19.0) | 1747 (23.4) | .003 |
| Malignancy | 1160 (13.8) | 140 (15.2) | 1020 (13.7) | .21 |
| Asthma | 812 (9.7) | 114 (12.4) | 698 (9.4) | .004 |
| Chronic renal impairment | 537 (6.4) | 53 (5.8) | 484 (6.5) | .39 |
| Resistant organism colonization | ||||
| MRSA flag | 50 (0.6) | 5 (0.5) | 45 (0.6) | >.99 |
| VRE flag | 85 (1.0) | 16 (1.7) | 69 (0.9) | .02 |
| Drug allergies | ||||
| Cephalosporin allergy | 187 (2.2) | 62 (6.7) | 125 (1.7) | <.001 |
| Vancomycin allergy | 44 (0.5) | 14 (1.5) | 30 (0.4) | <.001 |
| Total number of other allergies | <.001 | |||
| 0 | 7536 (89.9) | 786 (85.3) | 6750 (90.5) | |
| 1–2 | 668 (8.0) | 102 (11.1) | 566 (7.6) | |
| 3–4 | 118 (1.4) | 23 (2.5) | 95 (1.3) | |
| >5 | 63 (0.8) | 11 (1.2) | 52 (0.7) | |
| PROCEDURES | ||||
| Characteristica | All (n = 9004) |
Reported penicillin allergy (n = 978) |
No reported penicillin allergy (n = 8026) |
P valueb |
| Surgery type | <.0001 | |||
| HPRO | 2624 (29.1) | 282 (28.8) | 2342 (29.2) | |
| KPRO | 2439 (27.1) | 267 (27.3) | 2172 (27.1) | |
| HYST | 1560 (17.3) | 230 (23.5) | 1330 (16.6) | |
| COLO | 1250 (13.9) | 120 (12.3) | 1130 (14.1) | |
| CABG | 1131 (12.6) | 79 (8.1) | 1052 (13.1) | |
| Emergency | 148 (1.6) | 13 (1.3) | 135 (1.7) | .41 |
| Trauma | 282 (3.1) | 41 (4.2) | 241 (3.0) | .04 |
| Wound class | .01 | |||
| Clean | 6212 (69.0) | 637 (65.1) | 5575 (69.5) | |
| Clean-contaminated | 2692 (29.9) | 325 (33.2) | 2367 (29.5) | |
| Contaminated | 43 (0.5) | 9 (0.9) | 34 (0.4) | |
| Dirty | 57 (0.6) | 7 (0.7) | 50 (0.6) | |
| Procedure duration, min, median (IQR) | 120 (81–199) | 121 (81–185) | 119 (81–201) | .24 |
| Hospital length of stay, d, median (IQR) | 3.3 (2.4–5.4) | 3.3 (2.3–5.2) | 3.3 (2.4–5.6) | .01 |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COLO, colon surgery; HPRO, hip arthroplasty; HYST, hysterectomy; IQR, interquartile range; KPRO, knee arthroplasty; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphyloccoccus aureus; VRE, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.
aData are no. (%) unless otherwise specified.
bWilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate considering the sample size.