Table 3.

Causes of Death During Follow-up

Cause of Death	Entire Study Cohort	ART Timing After Confirmed HIV Diagnosis
		Immediate ART (≤30 d)	Delayed ART (>30 d)	No ART (>1 y)
Total	790 (100.0)	19 (100.0)	58 (100.0)	713 (100.0)
AIDS-related	119 (15.1)	0 (0.0)	24 (41.4)	95 (13.3)
AIDS-defining cancer	10 (1.3)		1 (1.7)	9 (1.3)
CNS infection	3 (0.4)		1 (1.7)	2 (0.3)
Tuberculosis	15 (1.9)		2 (3.5)	13 (1.8)
Cryptococcal meningitis	4 (0.5)		1 (1.7)	3 (0.4)
Herpes virus infection	4 (0.5)			4 (0.6)
Wasting syndrome	6 (0.8)		2 (3.5)	4 (0.6)
Candidiasis	5 (0.6)		2 (3.5)	3 (0.4)
Recurrent pneumonia	5 (0.6)		1 (1.7)	4 (0.6)
Pneumocystis pneumonia	14 (1.8)		3 (5.2)	11 (1.5)
Cryptosporidiosis	2 (0.3)		1 (1.7)	1 (0.1)
Other infections	12 (1.5)			12 (1.6)
Other	39 (4.9)		10 (17.2)	29 (4.1)
Non-AIDS-related	603 (76.3)	18 (94.7)	32 (55.1)	553 (77.6)
Non-AIDS-defining cancer	80 (10.1)		4 (6.9)	76 (10.7)
Cardiovascular disease	94 (11.9)	7 (36.8)	6 (10.3)	81 (11.4)
Overdose of illicit drugs	45 (5.7)	1 (5.3)	1 (1.7)	43 (6.0)
Suicide	35 (4.4)	2 (10.5)	2 (3.5)	31 (4.3)
Hepatitis B or C virus	12 (1.5)	1 (5.3)	1 (1.7)	10 (1.4)
Respiratory disease	98 (12.4)	3 (15.8)	2 (3.5)	93 (13.1)
Metabolic disease	10 (1.3)	2 (10.5)	2 (3.5)	6 (0.8)
Gastrointestinal disease	22 (2.8)		1 (1.7)	21 (3.0)
Medicine-related events	1 (0.1)			1 (0.1)
Other diseases	107 (13.6)	2 (10.5)	6 (10.3)	99 (13.9)
Non-disease-related death/accident	99 (12.5)		7 (12.0)	92 (12.9)
Unknown	68 (8.6)	1 (5.3)	2 (3.5)	65 (9.1)
Unclassified	66 (8.3)	1 (5.3)	2 (3.5)	63 (8.8)
Missing	2 (0.3)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (0.3)

Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CNS, central nervous system; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.