Table II.
Gene expression among different groups. ‘Dose’ represents the minimal threshold necessary to achieve not significantly different expression with control cycles. ‘Phase’ represents the phase of the menstrual cycle when the gene is significantly different from the proliferative phase, based from Talbi et al. Numbers are (mean ± SD). Genes with ‘†’ were validated by RT-PCR.
| Gene | Dose | Phase | 2.5 mg (A) | 5 mg (B) | 10 mg (C) | 40 mg (D) | P-value | Post hoc test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genes in common between Altmae/Díaz-Gimeno and the 183-gene list | ||||||||
| CXCL13† | 40 | MSE | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 1.8 | 0.0003 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| D vs C | ||||||||
| NP‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.7 ± 0.1 | −0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.05 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.0003 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| AOX1‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −1.6 ± 0.6 | −0.3 ± 1 | −0.1 ± 0.9 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.001 | D vs A |
| KHDRBS3‡ | 2.5 | ESE | −0.1 ± 0.4 | −0.5 ± 0.4 | −0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.002 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| D vs C | ||||||||
| ENPEP‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.09 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.002 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| D vs C | ||||||||
| SLC1A1‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −1 ± 0.5 | −0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.002 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| DEPDC6‡ | 2.5 | MSE | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | −0.007 ± 0.2 | −0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.003 | D vs A |
| KIF20A‡ | 2.5 | ESE | −0.4 ± 0.3 | −0.3 ± 0.3 | −0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.005 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| D vs C | ||||||||
| HAL‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.5 ± 0.5 | −0.5 ± 0.6 | −0.06 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.005 | D vs B |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| LMCD1‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | −0.4 ± 0.9 | 1 ± 0.2 | 0.006 | D vs A |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| PTGER2‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.5 ± 0.3 | −0.2 ± 0.7 | −0.04 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.007 | D vs A |
| ADAMTS1‡ | 2.5 | ESE | −0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.1 ± 0.08 | −0.2 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.008 | D vs A |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| KLRC1‡ | 2.5 | LSE | −0.4 ± 0.2 | −0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.008 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| EDNRB‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.6 ± 0.4 | −0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.008 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
| CP‡ | 2.5 | MSE | −0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.02 ± 0.1 | −0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.008 | D vs A |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| CLIC6† | 5 | MSE | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.003 | 0.01 | D vs A |
| C vs A | ||||||||
| NNMT‡ | 2.5 | ESE | −0.8 ± 0.5 | −0.1 ± 0.3 | −0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.02 | D vs A |
| DKK1† | 5 | MSE | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 1.8 | 6 ± 2.3 | 0.03 | D vs A |
| Genes unique to Altmae/Díaz-Gimeno list | ||||||||
| LCN2† | 2.5 | Undefined | 0.1 ± 0.06 | 0.3 ± 0.07 | 0.2 ± 0.08 | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.005 | D vs B |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| IL-15† | 5 | MSE | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.2 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.001 | D vs A |
| CXCL14† | 5 | MSE | 42.2 ± 28.3 | 83.1 ± 37.9 | 122.6 ± 37.8 | 122.6 ± 37.8 | 0.01 | D vs A |
| SPP1† | 2.5 | ESE | 3 ± 2.3 | 5.4 ± 2.8 | 13.9 ± 5.7 | 8.9 ± 6.2 | 0.04 | A vs C |
| VNN1† | 2.5 | ESE | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 0.04 | A vs C |
| OGN† | 2.5 | MSE | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.05 | |
| BCL6† | 2.5 | MSE | 2.2 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 0.1 | |
| SLC15A1† | 2.5 | MSE | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 0.6 | 0.1 | |
| LIF† | 2.5 | MSE | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.7 | |
| VN1R4† | 2.5 | undefined | 2.9 ± 2.5 | 3 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 7.8 | 2.4 ± 2.4 | 0.8 | |
| CLEC1A† | 2.5 | ESE | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.003 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.009 | 0.9 | |
| Gene unique to the 183-gene list | ||||||||
| HOXA10† | 5 | MSE | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.004 | D vs A |
| D vs C | ||||||||
| B vs C | ||||||||
| Genes related to endometrial receptivity and progesterone resistance, not present in either list | ||||||||
| MIG-6† | 2.5 | ESE | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 2 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 0.05 | |
| DAF† | 2.5 | MSE | 20.4 ± 10.5 | 21.8 ± 10.5 | 26 ± 6.0 | 18.3 ± 7.5 | 0.5 | |
| Genes validated from IPA | ||||||||
| IL-15† | 5 | MSE | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.2 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.001 | D vs A |
| GP130† | 10 | MSE | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 7.3 ± 0.2 | 0.001 | D vs A |
| D vs B | ||||||||
† Analyzed with RT-PCR – quantification was made using 2−ΔCt between gene of reference and peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA).
‡ Microarray data (normalized log scale) from Young et al.
MSE, mid-secretory; ESE, early secretory; IPA, ingenuity pathway analysis.