Table 2.
Hepatitis C Virus Incidence by Sex Overall and by Site
| Participantsa | Rate per 100 PYO (95% CI) | Crude | Adjusted Modelb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Valuec | ||
| All sites (n = 1868, 1616) | |||||
| Women | 16.66 (14.41–19.27) | 1.38 (1.15–1.65) | .001 | 1.39 (1.12–1.72) | .003 |
| Men | 11.34 (10.18–12.63) | ||||
| By sites | |||||
| ACS (n = 167, 72) | |||||
| Women | 3.72 (2.16–6.41) | 1.25 (.64–2.44) | .516 | 0.63 (.045–8.76) | .729 |
| Men | 2.80 (1.89–4.14) | ||||
| HCVC (n = 256, 159) | |||||
| Women | 35.58 (24.57–51.53) | 1.78 (1.04–3.05) | .036 | 2.11 (1.16–3.84) | .014 |
| Men | 20 (13.52–29.6) | ||||
| HepCo (n = 268, 262) | |||||
| Women | 14.44 (8.85–23.58) | 0.93 (.54–1.60) | .794 | 1.15 (.57–2.31) | .697 |
| Men | 15.48 (12.31–19.47) | ||||
| HITS-c (n=161, 141) | |||||
| Women | 7.59 (2.85–20.22) | 1.82 (.53–6.22) | .339 | 1.22 (.29–5.14) | .784 |
| Men | 4.1 (1.95–8.59) | ||||
| HITS-p (n = 494, 481) | |||||
| Women | 28.74 (22.45–36.79) | 1.69 (1.22–2.33) | .001 | 1.12 (.76–1.64) | .571 |
| Men | 14.78 (12.1–18.05) | ||||
| SuperMIX (n = 122, 119) | |||||
| Women | 7.39 (3.69–14.77) | 0.63 (.28–1.43) | .271 | 1.13 (.44–2.89) | .798 |
| Men | 11.26 (7.34–17.27) | ||||
| UFO Study (n = 400, 382) | |||||
| Women | 28.88 (21.89–38.1) | 1.38 (.97–1.96) | .075 | 1.23 (.81–1.87) | .331 |
| Men | 20.27 (16.32–25.17) | ||||
Crude and adjusted HR is shown for biological sex effect.
Abbreviations: ACS, Amsterdam Cohort Studies; CI, confidence interval; HCVC, Hepatitis C Virus Cohort Study (Sydney, Australia); HepCo, St Luc Cohort (Montreal, Canada); HITS-c, Hepatitis C Incidence and Transmission Study–Community; HITS-p, Hepatitis C Incidence and Transmission Study–Prison; HR, female to male hepatitis C virus hazard ratio; PYO, person-years of observation; SuperMIX, Networks 2 and MIX studies; UFO, U-Find-Out Study.
aSample sizes for crude and adjusted model, respectively, are shown.
bSaturated model that includes all common covariates (age at the time of screening, race/ethnicity, prison [ever], recent medication-assisted treatment and considering that following variables vary over time: recent injection, stable housing, receptive syringe sharing).
cThe values in bold were statistically significant based on a-priori P value determination of P < .05.