Figure 2. Representative binding kinetics curves of different molecular ligands to four major types of membrane proteins on cells. The cells contracted upon molecular binding, and the absolute edge movements were used to obtain binding kinetics.
(a) WGA binding to glycoprotein on SH-EP1 cells (inset). (b) Acetylcholine binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (ion channel) on SH-EP1- α4β2 cells (inset). (c) AMD3100 binding to CXCR-4 receptors (GPCR) on A549 cells (inset). (d) Insulin binding to insulin receptors (tyrosine kinase receptor) on Hep G2 cells (inset).