Table 2.

Metabolites identified by GC/MS analysis of idiopathic asthenozoospermia and normozoospermic groups (p < 0.05).

Number	Metabolites	RT (min)	VIP value	p value	Fold change	Variations versus healthy controls
1	3-Phosphoglycerate	12.552	2.356	0.001	6.901	↓
2	Lactic acid	13.986	2.104	0.001	1.904	↓
3	Tryptophan	22.841	2.094	0.002	6.051	↓
4	2-Amino-1-phenylethanol	8.318	2.095	0.002	3.196	↓
5	5-Aminovaleric acid	23.320	2.125	0.002	2.847	↓
6	Dithioerythritol	13.233	1.912	0.002	0.135	↑
7	Glutamic acid	9.391	1.628	0.002	1.522	↓
8	8-Aminocaprylic acid	18.527	2.106	0.002	1.847	↓
9	Phytosphingosine	8.151	2.119	0.003	8.511	↓
10	Guanosine	24.600	1.707	0.004	9.838	↓
11	6-Methylmercaptopurine	11.717	1.824	0.004	7.725	↓
12	Norvaline	11.161	1.935	0.005	2.686	↓
13	Leucine	5.815	1.666	0.007	2.123	↓
14	cis-Gondoic acid	22.021	1.558	0.007	2.426	↓
15	Zymosterol	29.154	3.483	0.008	0.260	↑
16	Methyl heptadecanoate	9.303	1.651	0.014	3.480	↓
17	Pipecolinic acid	12.805	1.691	0.015	2.762	↓
18	Orotic acid	11.033	1.643	0.015	0.070	↑
19	2-Deoxyerythritol	10.399	1.391	0.015	0.067	↑
20	Phenylethylamine	14.907	1.626	0.016	11.745	↓
21	Guanidinosuccinic acid	9.656	1.496	0.017	1.325	↓
22	trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline	7.807	1.664	0.017	10.533	↓
23	D-Glyceric acid	6.459	1.571	0.018	4.052	↓
24	Benzoic acid	5.602	1.426	0.019	0.380	↑
25	alpha-Tocopherol	28.449	1.700	0.021	6.013	↓
26	N-(3-aminopropyl)-morpholine	10.587	1.794	0.021	3.753	↓
27	Picolinic acid	6.470	1.405	0.022	1.394	↓
28	DL-dihydrosphingosine	20.104	1.206	0.025	1.405	↓
29	2-Aminoethanethiol	12.512	1.454	0.028	1.508	↓
30	Cysteine	9.222	1.404	0.034	3.934	↓
31	Cytidine	25.557	1.215	0.036	2.384	↓
32	Ethanolamine	16.080	1.482	0.042	0.838	↑
33	Monoolein	24.574	1.502	0.047	5.496	↓