Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Parameters | Study group | P value§ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index case household | Neighbour | Control | I vs. N | I vs. C | |
| Total homesteads screened | 43 | 202 | 168 | ||
| Total population screened | 158 | 612 | 510 | ||
| Median age (years)a | 11 | 15 | 15 | 0.802 | 0.802 |
| Parasite prevalence (% individual) | |||||
| PCR | 28.9 | 25.3 | 12.9 | 0.484 | < 0.001 |
| Microscopy | 8.3 | 10.3 | 4.7 | 0.708 | 0.059 |
| Age group (% individual) | |||||
| < 4.9 | 29 (18.4) | 124 (20.3) | 77 (15.1) | ||
| 5 ~ 14.9 | 62 (39.2) | 170 (27.8) | 165 (32.4) | 0.018 | 0.084 |
| ≥ 15 | 67 (42.4) | 318 (52.0) | 268 (52.5) | ||
| Sex (% individual)b | |||||
| Male | 63 (39.9) | 230 (37.8) | 205 (40.5) | 0.624 | 0.888 |
| Female | 95 (60.1) | 379 (62.2) | 301 (59.5) | ||
| Occupation (% individual for age ≥ 15 only) | |||||
| Sample sizec | 67 | 318 | 268 | ||
| Peasant farmer | 49 (73.1) | 227 (71.4) | 176 (65.7) | ||
| Employed | 3 (4.5) | 16 (5.0) | 20 (7.4) | ||
| Student | 9 (13.4) | 38 (11.9) | 35 (13.1) | 0.865 | 0.562 |
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.6) | 6 (2.2) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (9.0) | 32 (10.1) | 31 (11.6) | ||
| Bed net ownership (% household) | 137 (86.7) | 554 (90.1) | 477 (93.5) | 0.159 | 0.006 |
| Use of bed net (% individual) | 128 (81.0) | 510 (83.3) | 439 (86.1) | 0.488 | 0.121 |
| Travel within previous 14 days | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.5) | 7 (1.4) | 0.501 | 0.149 |
§P value: column I vs. N—comparison of index case household vs. neighbour and column I vs. C—comparison of index case household vs. control
aData analyzed using Kruskal–Walls H test
bRecords missing: 3 from neighbouring and 4 from control groups
cFor age ≥ 15 only