Table 1.
Patient characteristics for alcohol-related frequent vs. non-frequent users.
| Patient variable | Frequent user (n=325) | Non-frequent user (n=11,123) | Difference (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean years) | 47 | 39 | 8 (95% CI [6–9]) |
| Gender (% male) | 281 (86%) | 7880 (71%) | 16% (95% CI [11–19]) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| Caucasian | 101 (31%) | 6,407 (58%) | −27% (95% CI [−32 to −22%]) |
| African/African-American | 102 (31%) | 2,374 (21%) | 10% (95% CI [5–15%]) |
| Native American | 108 (33%) | 945 (9%) | 24% (95% CI [19–29%]) |
| Hispanic | 10 (3%) | 718 (6%) | −3% (95% CI [−5 to −1%) |
| Asian | 2 (1%) | 161 (1%) | 0 (95% CI [−1 to 1%]) |
| Primary care physician | 161 (49%) | 3105 (28%) | 22% (95% CI [16–26]) |
| Coordinated primary care services | 14 (4%) | 67 (0.6%) | 3% (95% CI [1–6]) |
| Insurance | |||
| No insurance | 68 (21%) | 4110 (37%) | −16% (95% CI [−21 to −11]) |
| Medicaid | 87 (27%) | 1248 (11%) | 16% (95% CI [11–21%]) |
| Medicare | 37 (11%) | 920 (8%) | 3% (95% CI [0–6%]) |
| Medical assistance | 74 (23%) | 1247 (11%) | 12% (95% CI [7–17%]) |
| Private insurance | 26 (8%) | 2148 (19%) | −11% (95% CI [−14 to −8%]) |
| Medical comorbidities | |||
| Liver disease | 89 (27%) | 611 (6%) | 21% (95% CI [16–26]) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 35 (11%) | 440 (4%) | 7% (95% CI [4–10]) |
| Ischemic vascular disease | 22 (7%) | 179 (2%) | 5% (95% CI [2–8]) |
| COPD | 30 (9%) | 184 (2%) | 7% (95% CI [4–10]) |
| History of TBI | 62 (19%) | 342 (3%) | 16% (95% CI [12–20]) |
| Dementia | 30 (9%) | 170 (2%) | 7% (95% CI [4–10]) |
| Psychiatric comorbidities | |||
| Schizophrenia | 40 (12%) | 320 (3%) | 9% (95% CI [5–13]) |
| Bipolar disorder | 67 (21%) | 778 (7%) | 14% (95% CI [10–18]) |
CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, TBI, traumatic brain injury.
Patient characteristics calculated using a single encounter per patient (excluding duplicate encounters).