Table A1.
Molecular effectors of skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance exercise training determined through the review of specialized scientific literature
| MOTIVE ID | Effector protein (name) | Effector protein (short name) |
|---|---|---|
| Adaptive muscle growth | 40S ribosomal protein S6 | RPS6 (rpS6) |
| E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase TRIM63 | TRIM63 | |
| Elongation factor 2 | EEF2 | |
| Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B | IF4B | |
| Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E | EIF4E (eIF4E ) | |
| Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E‐binding protein 1 | EIF4EBP1 (4EBP1) | |
| Forkhead box protein O3 | FOXO3 | |
| Growth/differentiation factor 8 | MSTN | |
| Mechanistic target of rapamycin | mTOR | |
| Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1‐α | PGC‐1α | |
| Phospholipase D1 | PLD1 | |
| Phospholipase D2 | PLD2 | |
| Ribosomal protein S6K 1 | RPS6KB1 (p70S6K1) | |
| Ribosomal protein S6K 2 | RPS6KB2 (p70S6K2) | |
| Angiogenesis | Cyclic AMP‐dependent transcription factor ATF‐2 | ATF2 |
| Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 12 | MAPK12 (p38g) | |
| Myocyte‐specific enhancer factor 2A | MEF2A (MEF2) | |
| Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial | NOS3 | |
| Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1‐α | PGC‐1α | |
| Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 | ESRRA (ERRa) | |
| Thrombospondin‐1 | TSP‐1 | |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGFA | |
| Glucose and lipid metabolism adaptations | α‐Enolase | ENO1 |
| β‐Enolase | ENO3 | |
| Carnitine O‐palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform | CPT1B | |
| Fatty acid‐binding protein, heart | FABP3 (FABPH) | |
| Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form | PYGM | |
| Glyoxalase I (lactoylglutathione lyase) | GLO1 | |
| Muscle form hexokinase | HK2 | |
| Muscle‐type aldolase | ALDOA | |
| Platelet glycoprotein 4 | FAT/CD36 | |
| Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit α, somatic form, mitochondrial | PDHA1 (PDHa) | |
| Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit β, mitochondrial | PDHB (PDHb) | |
| Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 | SLC2A4 (GLUT4) | |
| Mitochondrial biogenesis and remodelling | 5‐Aminolevulinate synthase, non‐specific, mitochondrial | ALAS1 |
| 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase catalytic subunit α‐1 | PRKAA1 (AMPKa1) | |
| 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase catalytic subunit α‐2 | PRKAA1 (AMPKa2) | |
| 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase subunit β‐1 | PRKAB1 (AMPKb) | |
| 5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase subunit γ‐1 | PRKAG1 (AMPKg) | |
| ATP synthase subunit β, mitochondrial | ATP5B | |
| BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein‐interacting protein 3 | BNIP3 | |
| BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein‐interacting protein 3‐like | BNIP3L | |
| Cyclic AMP‐dependent transcription factor 2 | ATF2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 | MT‐CO1 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 | MT‐CO2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 | MT‐CO3 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial | COX4I1 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondria | COX4I2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial | COX5A | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial | COX5B | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial | Cox6a1 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial | Cox6a2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 | Cox6b1 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 | Cox6b2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C | Cox6c | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A‐related protein, mitochondrial | Cox7r | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial | Cox7a1 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial | Cox7a2 | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial | Cox7b | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial | Cox7c | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial P | Cox8a | |
| Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial | Cox8c | |
| E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase parkin | PARK2 (PARKIN) | |
| FUN14 domain‐containing protein 1 | FUNDC1 | |
| Microtubule‐associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B | MAP1LC3B (LC3) | |
| Mitochondrial fission 1 protein | FIS1 | |
| Mitofusin‐1 | MFN1 | |
| Mitofusin‐2 | MFN2 | |
| Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 11 | MAPK11 (p38b) | |
| Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 12 | MAPK12 (p38g) | |
| Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 13 | MAPK13 (p38d) | |
| Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14 | MAPK14 (p38a) | |
| Myocyte‐specific enhancer factor 2A | MEF2A (MEF2 ) | |
| NAD‐dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin‐1 | SIRT1 | |
| Nuclear respiratory factor 1 | NRF‐1 | |
| Nuclear respiratory factor 2 (GA‐binding protein subunit β‐1) | NRF‐2 | |
| Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1‐α | PGC‐1α | |
| PTEN‐induced putative kinase protein 1 | PINK1 | |
| Putative cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A3, mitochondrial | Cox7a3 | |
| Serine/threonine‐protein kinase ULK1 | ULK1 (ATG1 ) | |
| Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 | ESRRA (ERRa) | |
| Transcription factor A, mitochondrial | TFAM |