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. 2018 Mar 14;8:4513. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22672-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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HMGB1 (1 ng/ml) upregulated RAGE expression. (A) The immunostaining images indicated RAGE expression (red) in vehicle or 1 ng/ml HMGB1. Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI in blue. Scale bar: 20 µm. (B) Bar graphs summarized semi-quantitative results from (A). ***P < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test (n = 3 for each group). (C) Western blot assays indicated the different expression level of RAGE in vehicle or 1 ng/ml HMGB1 after migration for 24 hours. Bands were cropped from different parts of the same gel and analyzed using the Image Lab™ software for relative density and normalized to GAPDH control. ***P < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test (n = 3 for each group). Scale bar: 100 µm.