Table 3.
Indirect effect (amount of mediation) and total effect (sum of indirect and direct effects) of job demands on sleep disturbances and awakening problems via work-related PC and the reversed effects
| Direction of effect | Type of effect | Standardized estimate | Unstandardized estimate (CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Job demands (T1) → PC (T2) → sleep disturbances (T3) | Indirect | 0.003* | 0.005* (0.003–0.008) |
| Job demands → sleep disturbances | Total | 0.018 | 0.034 (− 0.023 to 0.092) |
| Sleep disturbances (T1) → PC (T2) → job demands (T3) | Indirect | 0.005* | 0.003* (0.001–0.004) |
| Sleep disturbances → job demands | Total | − 0.008 | − 0.004 (− 0.025 to 0.016) |
| Job demands (T1) → PC (T2) → awakening problems (T3) | Indirect | 0.002* | 0.004* (0.001–0.007) |
| Job demands → awakening problems | Total | 0.016 | 0.031 (− 0.029 to 0.093) |
| Awakening problems (T1) → PC (T2) → job demands (T3) | Indirect | 0.002* | 0.004* (0.001–0.007) |
| Awakening problems → job demands | Total | − 0.002 | 0.002 (− 0.019 to 0.023) |
CI confidence interval
*p < 0.05