Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of cohort groups of bevacizumab for meta‐analysis
| Study | Study design | Enrollment, n | Neoadjuvant therapy | Median age, year | Stage at enrollment, n | Distance from anal verge, cm | PreoperativeGrade3/4 toxicity | pCR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blaszkowsky 2014 | Prospective Phase I/II | 32 | 5‐FU + Erlotinib + bevacizumab + RT | NR | cT3N0: 6; cT3N1: 15; cT3N2: 4; cT3Nx: 4; cT4N0: 2; cT4N1: 1 | NR | 46.9% (15/32) | 33.3% (9/27) |
| Borg 2014 | Prospective Phase II | 46 | Folfox‐4 + bevacizumab | 60.6 | cT3N0: 10; cT3N1: 31; Tc3N2: 5 | NR | 50% (23/46) | 23.8% (10/42) |
| 45 | 5‐FU + bevacizumab + RT | 60.1 | cT3N0: 8; cT3N1: 28; cT3N2: 9 | NR | 20% (9/45) | 11.4% (5/44) | ||
| Crane 2010 | Prospective Phase II | 25 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 54.0 | cT3N0: 5; cT3N0+: 20 | ≤5 cm: 15; >5 cm: 10 | NR | 32% (8/25) |
| Dellas 2013 | Prospective Phase II | 69 | Capox + bevacizumab + RT | 61.0 | cT2Nx: 2; cT3N0: 12; cT3N0 + : 44; cT4N0: 3; cT4N+: 4: | 5.92 ± 3.68 (Mean ± SD) | 11.6% (8/69) | 17.4% (12/69) |
| Dipetrillo2012 | Prospective Phase II | 25 | mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab + RT | 50.0 | T2: 2; T3: 20; T4: 3; N‐: 7; N+: 16; Nx: 2 | NR | 76% (19/25) | 20% (5/25) |
| Fernandez‐Martos 2014 | Prospective Phase II | 46 | Capox + bevacizumab | NR | cT3: 46 | NR | NR | 19.6% (9/46) |
| Garcia 2015 | Prospective Phase II | 41 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 63.0 | cT3a: 32; cT3a: 3; cT3b: 1; cT3c: 2; cT4: 2 | NR | 7.3% (3/41) | 7.5% (3/40) |
| Gasparini 2012 | Prospective Phase II | 43 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 64.0 | cT2N1M0: 4; cT3N0M0: 14; cT3N1M0: 20; cT3NxM0: 1; cT4N1M0: 1; cT4N1M0: 1; cT4N2M0: 1; cTxN1M0: 1; cT4N2M1: 1 | NR | NR | 14.0%(6/43) |
| Hasegawa 2014 | Prospective Pilot study | 25 | Capox + bevacizumab | 63.0 | cT4aN0M0: 1; cT4bN0M0: 3; cT2,cT3N2M0: 3; cT3,cT4aN1M0: 10; cT4aN2M0: 1; cT4bN1/N2M0: 7 | 5.0 (Median) | 28% (7/25) | 4.3% (1/23) |
| Landry 2015 | Prospective Phase II | 54 | Capox + bevacizumab + RT | 54.0 | cT3: 50; cT4: 4; cNx: 2; cN0: 17; cN1: 30; cN2: 5 | NR | NR | 17.0% (9/53) |
| Nogue 2011 | Prospective Phase II | 47 | Capox + bevacizumab + RT | 58.5 | cT3N0: 5; cT3N1: 22; cT3N2: 14; cT4N0: 2; cT4N1: 2; cT4N2: 2 | NR | NR | 35.6% (16/45) |
| Resch 2012 | Prospective Phase II | 8 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 70.0 | cT3: 8; cN0: 1; cN1: 4; cN2: 1; cNx: 2 | NR | 37.5% (3/8) | 25% (2/8) |
| Sadahiro 2015 | Prospective Phase II | 52 | S‐1 + bevacizumab + RT | 59.0 | cT2: 2; cT3: 49; cT4: 1; cN0: 16; cN1: 36 | 5.5 (Median) | 1.9% (1/52) | 19.2% (10/52) |
| Spigel 2012 | Prospective Phase II | 35 | 5‐FU + bevacizumab + RT | 57.0 | II: 11; III: 24 | NR | NR | 28.6% (10/35) |
| Uehara 2013 | Prospective Phase II | 32 | Capox + bevacizumab | 62.0 | cT3: 13; cT4a: 9; cT4b: 10; cN0: 6; cN1: 14; cN2: 12 | 4.7 (Median) | 25% (8/32) | 13.3% (4/30) |
| Velenik 2011 | Prospective Phase II | 61 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 60.0 | cT3N0: 12; cT2N1: 1; cT3N1: 19; cT2N2: 2; cT3N2: 22; cT4N2: 5 | 6.0 (Median) | NR | 13.3% (8/60) |
| Wang 2014 | Prospective Phase II | 12 | FOLFOX + bevacizumab + RT/5‐FU + bevacizumab + RT | 52.5 | cT2: 1; cT3: 8; cT4: 3; cN0: 2; cN1: 2; cN2: 8 | 5 cm: 5; 5‐10 cm: 7; ≥10: 0 | 16.7% (2/12) | 33.3% (4/12) |
| 6 | FOLFOX + bevacizumab + RT | 57.5 | cT2: 0; cT3: 5; cT4: 1; cN0: 2; cN1: 4; cN2: 0 | 5 cm: 1; 5‐10 cm: 4; ≥10: 1 | 16.7% (1/6) | 25% (1/4) | ||
| Xiao 2015 | Prospective Phase II | 25 | 5‐FU + oxaliplatin + bevacizumab + RT | 45.0 | cT2: 2; cT3: 9; cT4a: 8; cT4b: 6; cN‐: 4; cN+: 21 | ≤5 cm: 7; >5 cm: 18 | NR | 39.1% (9/23) |
| Koukourakis 2011 | Prospective Phase II | 19 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 68.0 | pT3: 19; pT4: 0; pN1: 12 | NR | NR | 36.8% (7/19) |
| Salazar 2015 | Prospective Phase II | 44 | Capecitabine + bevacizumab + RT | 64.0 | II A: 6; II B: 1; III B: 18; III C: 19 | 6.5 (Median) | 15.9% (7/44) | 15.9% (7/44) |
| Willett 2010 | Prospective Phase II | 32 | 5‐FU + bevacizumab + RT | 51.0 | cT3: 28; cT4: 4; cN0: 9; cN1‐2: 23 | NR | 21.9% (7/32) | 15.6% (5/32) |
pCR, pathologic complete response; RT: radiotherapy; 5‐FU, fluorouracil; FOLFOX, leucovorin plus fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin; Capox, capecitabine plus oxaliplatin; S‐1, tegafur plus gimeracil plus potassium oxonate; NR, not reported.
a
It was not specified if the cT3 status was cT3a, cT3b or cT3c.