Figure 18.

TBE-31 fails to suppress ER stress in livers of HFFr-fed Nrf2^-/-mice. Livers were collected from Nrf2^+/+ and Nrf2^-/- mice at the end of Study 2, and proteins and genes involved in the UPR were examined. Representative immunoblots of p-Ire1α, Xbp1s and Xbp1u, p58^IPK, p-eIf2α and Atf4 proteins, along with actin as a loading control, are shown at the top. Plots of densitometric scans from the blots are shown at the bottom (n = 4 biologic replicates). White bars, DMSO treated; black bars, TBE-31 treated. Results are means ± SEM. Significant increases relative to that found in livers of RC-fed Nrf2^+/+ mice are indicated by: *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001. Significant decreases relative to HF30Fr-fed Nrf2^+/+ mice are indicated: ^$P < .05; ^$$P < .01.