Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis for overall survival in esophageal cancer patients.
| Univariate Cox Regression Model | Multivariate Cox Regression Model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age | 1.028 (0.998–1.060) | 0.072 | 1.040 (1.005–1.075) | 0.023 | |
| Sex: male | 1.247 (0.304–5.108) | 0.759 | |||
| Body mass index | 0.879 (0.811–0.954) | 0.002 | 0.864 (0.793–0.941) | 0.001 | |
| ASA classification | |||||
| 2 (vs 1) | 2.197 (1.030–4.684) | 0.042 | 2.259 (0.984–5.186) | 0.055 | |
| 3 (vs 1) | 2.919 (1.191–7.151) | 0.019 | 1.938 (0.752–4.991) | 0.171 | |
| Epidural analgesia | 1.756 (0.702–4.392) | 0.229 | |||
| Length of hospital stay | 1.008 (0.999–1.017) | 0.074 | 0.996 (0.982–1.010) | 0.562 | |
| ICU readmission | 1.362 (0.585–3.168) | 0.473 | |||
| Operation time | 1.001 (1.000–1.003) | 0.136 | |||
| Estimated blood loss | 1.000 (1.000–1.000) | 0.783 | |||
| Pathology of tumor: squamous cell carcimoma | 1.247 (0.452–3.439) | 0.670 | |||
| Location of tumor | |||||
| Middle (vs upper) | 1.371 (0.645–2.912) | 0.412 | |||
| Lower (vs upper) | 0.622 (0.344–1.125) | 0.116 | |||
| Pathologic cancer stage | |||||
| IIA, IIB (vs IA, IB) | 2.514 (1.359–4.651) | 0.003 | 1.841 (0.889–3.815) | 0.101 | |
| IIIA, IIIB, IIIC (vs IA, IB) | 2.271 (1.076–4.793) | 0.031 | 1.920 (0.877–4.204) | 0.103 | |
| Pathologic tumor stage | |||||
| T2 (vs T1) | 1.288 (0.621–2.761) | 0.496 | 1.570 (0.716–3.446) | 0.260 | |
| T3 (vs T1) | 2.474 (1.418–4.316) | 0.001 | 2.737 (1.473–5.085) | 0.001 | |
| Pathologic lymph node stage | |||||
| N1 (vs N0) | 1.315 (0.799–2.165) | 0.281 | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 1.452 (0.878–2.402) | 0.146 | |||
| Adjuvant radiotherapy | 3.035 (1.723–5.345) | <0.001 | 2.441 (1.310–4.551) | 0.005 | |
| Intraoperative remifentanil (mcg) | 1.000 (1.000–1.000) | 0.235 | |||
| Opioid consumption in POD 0–7, MEDD (mg) | 1.000 (0.999–1.001) | 0.520 | |||
| ≤630 (25%) | 1 | 0.697 | |||
| ≤843 (50%) | 0.923 (0.452–1.884) | ||||
| ≤1125 (75%) | 1.333 (0.681–2.612) | ||||
| > 1125 | 0.950 (0.456–1.982) | ||||
| Clavien-dindo classification | |||||
| 1 + 2 (vs no complication) | 2.182 (1.123–4.239) | 0.021 | 2.009 (1.014–3.979) | 0.046 | |
| 3a + 3b (vs no complication) | 4.351 (2.324–8.145) | <0.001 | 5.759 (2.642–12.554) | <0.001 | |
| 4a + 4b + 5 (vs no complication) | 3.137 (1.358–7.247) | 0.007 | 3.982 (1.244–12.749) | 0.020 | |
Multivariate cox regression model: Variables with p-value <0.1 from the univariable cox regression model were included in the multivariable model CI, confidence interval; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; ICU, intensive care unit; MEDD, morphine equivalent daily dose.