Table 2.

Antibacterial and antifungal activity of different solvent extracts from seaweeds.

Solvents	Seaweed	Target Organisms	Reference
Acetone	Turbinaria conoides	Fusarium oxysporum	[121]
	Ulva lactuca	Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium purpurescens, Candida albicans and Penicillium verrucosum	[122]
Acetone, Chloroform	Sargassum muticum	Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus (methicillinresistance), Salmonella paratyphi B, Staphylococcus epidermis, Enterobacter aerogenus, Shigella fleschneri, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus Salmonella typhymurium	[113]
Acetone, Ethyl, acetate, Hexane	Sargassum wightii, Chaetomorpha linum and Padina gymnospora	Erwinia amylovora, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis Enterococcus faecalis	[98]
Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Hexane, Methanol	Chaetomorpha linum	Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacillus subtilis	[123]
Acetone, Methanol	Sargassum platycarpum, Sargassum latifolium	Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis Candida albicans	[124]
Benzene, Diethyl ether, Ethyl acetate, Hexane	Chlorococcum humicola	Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibreo cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus	[125]
Chloroform, Ethanol	Ulva reticulata, Caulerpa occidentalis, Cladophora socialis, Dictyota ciliolata, and Gracilaria dendroides	Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stapylococcus aureus Enterococcus faecalis	[126]
Chloroform, Hexane, Ethyl acetate, Methanol	Ulva lactuca, Sargassum polyceratium, Caulerpa racemosa	Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae	[127]
Chloroform, Hexane, Ethyl acetate, Methanol	Jania adhaerens, Padina gymnospora	Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus	[127]
Diethyl ether, Methanol, Ethanol	Ceramium rubrum, Sargassum vulgare, Sargassum fusiforme and Padina pavonia	Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigellaflexneri, and Klebsiella pneumoniae	[128]
Ethanol	Stypocaulon scoparium and Halopitys Incurvus	Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Albedinis and Penicillium sp.	[129]
	Asparagopsis taxiformis	Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus flavus	[130]
Ethyl acetate	Eisenia bicyclis	Propionibacter iumacnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	[131]
Methanol	Ulva lactuca, Sargassum wightii and Gracilaria edulis	Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus faecali, Staphylococcus aureus, E-coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Vibreo cholerae	[132]
	Ulva rigida and Ulva intestinalis	Esherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger	[133]
	Ulva lactuca, Ulva fasciata Enteromorpha compressa, Pterocladia capillacea, Hypnea musciformis and Padinapavonica	Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Tricodermahamatum, Aspergillus flavipes and Candida albicans	[134]
	Ulva lactuca	Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	[135]
	Sargassum wightii	Staphylococcus aureus., Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus valgaris	[136]
	Ulva lactuca	Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi, Aspergillus niger Aspergillus fumigatus	[137]
	Turbinaria ornata, Padina tetrastromatica	Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis	[138]
Methanol, Water	Cytoseira crinite	Taphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	[139]
Polysaccharides	Corallina	Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	[140]
Toluene	Gracilaria crassa, Gracilaria debilis, and Gracilaria corticata	Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Vibriocholerae, Proteus sp., Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluroscens	[141]