PDGF isoforms and PDGFRs were upregulated in CHF dogs. mRNA expression of PDGF A/B/C/D (A–D), PDGFRα and PDGFRβ (E, F) in LA and LV fibroblasts during as a function of VTP time. Results are mean ± S.E.M., n = 5–12/group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, vs. corresponding control (CTL). (G) Representative immunoblots for PDGFRα from atrial and ventricular tissue, and band-intensities for PDGFRα normalized to GAPDH. Mean ± S.E.M., n = 4/group, ***P < 0.001. (H) Representative immunoblots for PDGFRβ from atrial and ventricular tissue, and band-intensities for PDGFRβ normalized to GAPDH. Mean ± S.E.M., n = 5/group, **P < 0.01. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s tests (A–F) or Bonferroni-corrected t-tests (G and H) were used for statistical analysis. FB, fibroblast; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; CTL, non-paced controls; CTL-A, control atrium; CTL-V, control ventricle; CHF-A, congestive heart failure atrium; CHF-V, congestive heart failure ventricle.