Table 3.
Nine-month changes in all outcome measures within-group (n = 63).
| Intervention Group | Control Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison | Mean (95% CI) | p-Value | Mean (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| BMI-for-age z-score | T1-T0 | −0.07 (−0.15, 0.01) | 0.092 | 0.07 (0.01, 0.14) | 0.032 |
| T2-T0 | −0.06 (−0.25, 0.13) | 0.544 | 0.18 (0.10, 0.26) | <0.001 *** | |
| T2-T1 | 0.01 (−0.17, 0.19) | 0.905 | 0.10 (0.05, 0.16) | 0.001 ** | |
| Body fat percentage (%) | T1-T0 | −3.4 (1.8, 5.0) | <0.001 ** | 0.4 (−0.1, 0.9) | 0.081 |
| T2-T0 | −1.6 (−3.8, 0.6) | 0.154 | 2.2 (1.3, 3.0) | <0.001 *** | |
| T2-T1 | 1.8 (−0.5, 4.2) | 0.127 | 1.7 (0.7, 2.7) | 0.001 ** | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | T1-T0 | −2.1 (−3.7, −0.5) | 0.014 * | 0.7 (−0.3, 1.7) | 0.165 |
| T2-T0 | −1.9 (−4.1, 0.3) | 0.091 | 2.5 (0.9, 4.1) | 0.002 ** | |
| T2-T1 | 0.2(−1.5, 1.8) | 0.812 | 1.8 (0.7, 3.0) | 0.002 ** | |
| Pedometer step-count ¥ | T1-T0 | −8 (−60, 45) | 0.768 | 30 (−18, 78) | 0.212 |
| T2-T0 | 35 (−31, 100) | 0.290 | 51 (−83, 184) | 0.440 | |
| T2-T1 | 42 (−7, 91) | 0.087 | −21 (−109, 150) | 0.742 | |
T0—Baseline; T1—post intervention (thirteenth week); T2—follow up (ninth month); Repeated measures ANCOVA within group analysis was applied followed by pairwise comparison with confidence interval adjustment; Household income and baseline variables were controlled by using repeated measures ANCOVA; ¥ involved 55 children (28 from intervention group and 27 from control group); * significant at the 0.05 level; ** significant at the 0.01 level; *** significant at the 0.001 level.