WOX11 is directly involved in stress-related gene expression. (A) Transcript levels of stress-related genes in crown root tips (3–5 mm) of 7-day-old wild type (HY and ZH11), wox11, and OxWOX11 (OW1, OW2) plants. (B) Time course of transcript responses to mock and 20% PEG treatment (0, 1, 2, 4, or 7 h) in 10-day-old crown root tips of wild type (HY) and wox11 assayed by qRT-PCR. The PCR signals in (A) and (B) were normalized with those of the ACTIN1 transcripts. Values are the means±SD from three biological replicates. (C) ChIP-PCR analysis using anti-WOX11 antibody of crown root tips (3–5 mm) of 7-day-old wild type (HY), wox11, and OxWOX11. Upper panel, diagrams of the indicated loci. The transcribed regions (thick lines), transcription start site (TSS), translation start site (ATG), and primer sets (P1 to P5) used in the ChIP experiments are indicated. Numbers indicate distance (kb) from TSS. Lower panel, ChIP assays with anti-WOX11 antibody in wild type, wox11, and OxWOX11 root tips. Data represent the means of three biological replicates. Error bars represent standard deviation (SD) and significant difference between different genotypes is indicated by asterisks (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, t-test).