Figure 1.

Antibody levels in chronically infected untreated individuals correlate with viral loads. A, The concentration of virus influences antibody production, and the log viral load was found to correlate with antibody levels. Antibody concentration assays (ie, the less sensitive Vitros [LS-Vitros] assay and the Sedia limiting antigen [LAg] assay) have higher correlations than the avidity-modified Vitros (AM-Vitros) assay. Pearson correlation results are reported. B, Longitudinal measurements in untreated individuals show stable antibody concentrations measurable by these assays. LS-Vitros and AM-Vitros assay measurements are more stable than LAg assay measurements. Antibody levels in viremic individuals are significantly higher than those in elite controllers (ECs; P < .001, by the t test). Viral loads undetectable by a standard assay and those determined to be <40 or <75 copies/mL were excluded from the analysis. ODn, normalized OD; S/Co, signal-to-cutoff ratio.