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. 2017 Mar 3;215(8):1312–1320. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix114

Table 1.

Characteristics of Adults and Children Hospitalized With Acute Febrile Illness, by Isolation of a Bacterial Pathogen From Any Clinical Culture

Characteristic Overall (n = 1524) Pathogen Isolated Adults (n = 842), Pathogen Isolated Children (n = 682), Pathogen Isolated
No (n = 1409) Yes (n = 115) P No (n = 777) Yes
(n = 65)
P No (n = 632) Yes (n = 50) P
Age, y 17 (3–31) 17 (3–30) 21 (3–43.5) .06 28 (21–43) 40 (30–56) <.01 2 (1–6) 2 (1–6) .52
Male sex 882 (58) 823 (58) 59 (51) .14 466 (60) 36 (55) .51 357 (56) 23 (46) .18
Alcohol use (adults only)a 66 (10) 10 (24) .02
Smoking (adults only)a 81 (13) 3 (7) .46
Income <5000 rupees/mo 605 (40) 538 (38) 67 (58) <.01 281 (36) 38 (58) <.01 257 (41) 29 (58) .02
Blood cultures performed before antibiotic useb 712 (48) 658 (48) 54 (48) 1 278 (37) 21 (34) .68 380 (62) 33 (66) .65
Diabetes mellitusa 42 (3) 36 (3) 6 (9) .03 35 (5) 6 (14) .03 1 (0) 0 (0) 1
HIV positivec 109 (13) 95 (13) 14 (19) .1 83 (12) 13 (23) .04 12 (18) 1 (7) .44
Severe malnutrition (children only) 116 (21) 4 (9) .05
Antibiotic use within past mo 357 (23) 332 (24) 25 (22) .73 203 (26) 17 (26) 1 129 (20) 8 (16) .58
Antibiotic use within past wk 324 (21) 302 (21) 22 (19) .64 187 (24) 16 (25) .88 115 (18) 6 (12) .34
Length of stay, d 4 (3–7) 4 (3–7) 5 (3–12) <.01 3 (2–5) 4 (3–7.25) <.01 6 (4–10) 6.5 (4–13.8) .23
In-hospital mortality 119 (8) 101 (7) 18 (16) <.01 53 (7) 10 (16) .02 48 (8) 8 (17) .05

Data are median (interquartile range) or no. (%) of participants. Adults and adolescents are defined as participants aged ≥12 years. Children are defined as participants aged 6 months to 12 years. Nonpathogenic isolates have been excluded.

aData for alcoholism, smoking, and diabetes were not collected for the first 5 months of the study. Percentages reflect a denominator of 688 adults and 545 children.

bInformation was not available for 41 patients.

cHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status was known for 746 adults; data were not systematically collected for all children.

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