Table 1.

Diameters of pristine and alginic acid (AA)-dispersed multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) CNT-1, CNT-2, and CNT-3, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) GNP-1 and GNP-2, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT), and hexagonal boron nitride flakes (hBN), and zeta (ζ) potentials of AA-dispersed nanomaterials in Nanopure water, Dryl’s medium, and half-strength 21C medium.

	Diameter (nm) 1		ζ Potential (mV) 3
	Pristine 2	AA-Dispersed	Nanopure Water	Dryl’s	Half-Strength 21C
CNT-1	23.3 ± 5.5	21.4 ± 6.6	−53.1 ± 0.5	−34.8 ± 0.5	−35.8 ± 1.0
CNT-2	18.8 ± 4.1	13.8 ± 3.3	−44.2 ± 0.4	−32.9 ± 0.6	−31.1 ± 1.1
CNT-3	7.4 ± 1.9	8.3 ± 1.9	−36.4 ± 0.8	−27.9 ± 0.5	−32.4 ± 1.5
GNP-1	2415 ± 983	1847 ± 656	−52.5 ± 0.1	−40.6 ± 0.6	−39.7 ± 0.6
GNP-2	350 ± 320	1225 ± 797	−49.4 ± 0.2	−29.2 ± 0.3	−32.7 ± 0.3
BNNT	21.9 ± 14.7	15.3 ± 8.5	−56.9 ± 0.7	−35.4 ± 1.1	−33.5 ± 2.0
hBN	1796 ± 1098	306 ± 504	−65.3 ± 0.6	−40.0 ± 0.4	−36.7 ± 1.7

¹ Measured from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. For CNTs and BNNTs, the diameters shown here are the outer diameters of the nanotubes. For GNPs and hBN, the diameters indicate one dimension of the two-dimensional sheets with thicknesses in the range of a few nm after exfoliation by sonication (data not shown). The thicknesses of the pristine GNPs were reported as <5 nm (GNP-1) and 8–12 nm (GNP-2), respectively (Table S1); ² Diameters of pristine CNT-1, CNT-2, CNT-3, GNP-1, and GNP-2 have been published previously [21,34]; ³ Nanomaterial stocks (200 mg·L⁻¹) dispersed with AA (400 mg·L⁻¹) using 30 min of probe-sonication were diluted into either Nanopure water, Dryl’s medium, or half-strength 21C medium at a final concentration of 10 mg·L⁻¹ for ζ potential measurement, with data shown as mean ± SE (n = 3).