Table 2.
Associations Between Extent of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Exposure and Transporter Gene Polymorphisms
| Locus | Level of DP Exposure | Prevalence of Mutant and Mixed Infections | Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) |
P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pfmdr1 N86Y | Frequency of DP dosing | Every 8 weeks | 18/37 (48.7%) | reference | … |
| Every 4 weeks | 24/28 (85.7%) | 1.76 (1.21–2.55) | .003 | ||
| No. of days since last dose of DP | 29–56 days | 8/19 (42.1%) | reference | … | |
| 4–28 days | 34/46 (73.9%) | 1.76 (1.01–3.07) | .04 | ||
| pfmdr1 Y184F | Frequency of DP dosing | Every 8 weeks | 34/37 (91.9%) | reference | … |
| Every 4 weeks | 28/29 (96.6%) | 1.05 (.94–1.18) | .40 | ||
| No. of days since last dose of DP | 29–56 days | 18/19 (94.7%) | reference | … | |
| 4–28 days | 44/47 (93.6%) | 0.99 (.87–1.12) | .87 | ||
| pfmdr1 D1246Y | Frequency of DP dosing | Every 8 weeks | 4/36 (11.1 %) | reference | … |
| Every 4 weeks | 0/28 (0%) | NA | NA | ||
| No. of days since last dose of DP | 29–56 days | 1/19 (5.3%) | reference | … | |
| 4–28 days | 3/45 (6.7%) | NA | NA | ||
| pfcrt K76T | Frequency of DP dosing | Every 8 weeks | 31/37 (83.8%) | reference | … |
| Every 4 weeks | 26/28 (92.9%) | 1.11 (.94–1.32) | .23 | ||
| No. of days since last dose of DP | 29–56 days | 15/19 (79.0%) | reference | … | |
| 4–28 days | 42/46 (91.3%) | 1.19 (.93–1.51) | .17 | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DP, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; NA, not applicable.