Fig. 1.

Monoculture experiments at low pCO₂ (100 ppm). (A–D) Population density (expressed as biovolume) and light intensity I_out penetrating through the chemostat. (E–H) CO₂(aq), bicarbonate and carbonate concentrations. (I–L) Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pH. Different panels represent different species: (A, E, I) Monoraphidium; (B, F, J) Microcystis; (C, G, K) Scenedesmus; (D, H, L) Chlorella. Symbols indicate experimental data, and lines indicate model fits. Parameter values of the model are provided in Table 1 and Table 2.