Table 1.

Correlation coefficients between size variables and survival time for seedlings harvested at SAD (stem all dead) or beyond, and between size variables, plant non-structural carbohydrate (NSC), and mass-specific respiration rates for seedlings harvested during leaf death

	Survival time		Early starvation NSC and respiration
	Days to SAD, 20 °C	Days to SAD, 28 °C	NSC mass (g)	NSC conc. (%)	Root respiration	Stem respiration
(a) Dark-shade size traits	(n=24)	(n=23)
Height	0.45	0.65	0.71	0.43	NS	NS
Stem mass	0.59	0.74	0.91	0.58	NS	NS
SSL	–0.74	–0.58	–0.75	–0.54	NS	0.44
Root mass	NS	NS	0.90	0.54	NS	NS
Root specific volume	NS	–0.65	NS	NS	0.56	NS
(b) Light-shade size traits	(n=25)	(n=27)
Height	NS	0.44	0.41	NS	NS	NS
Stem mass	0.59	0.60	0.85	0.53	–0.61	NS
SSL	–0.74	–0.55	–0.80	–0.74	0.86	NS
Root mass	NS	0.66	0.98	0.78	–0.66	NS
Root specific volume	NS	–0.67	–0.55	–0.58	0.55	0.42
(c) Medium-shade size traits	(n=27)	(n=27)
Height	NS	NS	0.83	NS	NS	0.67
Stem mass	NS	NS	0.95	NS	NS	–0.69
SSL	NS	NS	–0.84	NS	NS	0.74
Root mass	NS	NS	0.96	NS	NS	–0.66
Root specific volume	NS	–0.47	–0.38	–0.69	0.53	NS

Correlation coefficients are only shown for P≤0.10, with values in italics indicating marginally significant correlations (0.05<P≤0.10). Height was measured at the onset of the darkness treatment. Stem and root mass, root specific volume (root volume/root mass), and SSL (specific stem length; stem height/stem mass) were measured (1) during leaf death for correlations with plant NSC and mass-specific respiration rates and (2) at SAD or beyond for correlations with survival time. n=19, 21, 20 for correlations with NSC and respiration for dark-, light-, and medium-shade respectively.