Table 1.
Baseline differences in socio-demographic and clinical factors for participants in the ProtecT prospective study of PSA testing and cancer diagnosis
| Had a PSA testan = 82,430 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSA <3 n = 73,538 | PSA ≥20 n = 280 | Trial eligible PSA (3 ≤ PSA < 20) n = 8,566 |
|||||
| All eligible n = 8,566 | Declined biopsy n = 1,152 | Biopsy n = 7,414 |
|||||
| Received biopsy n = 7,414 | Negative n = 4,518 | Positive n = 2,896 | |||||
| Age (n) | 73,538 | 280 | 8,566 | 1,152 | 7,414 | 4,518 | 2,896 |
| Median age (IQR) | 58.0 (8.0)b | 64.0 (7.0) | 62.0 (8.0)b | 62.0 (8.0) | 62.0 (8.0) | 61.0 (8.0) | 62.0 (8.0) |
| P value | P < 0.001c | P < 0.001d | P < 0.001e | P < 0.001f | |||
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| White n (%) | 71,948 (98) | 265 (96) | 8,377 (99) | 1,113 (98) | 7,264 (99) | 4,425 (99) | 2,839 (99) |
| Other n (%) | 1,127 (2) | 10 (4) | 108 (1) | 23 (2) | 85 (1) | 52 (1) | 33 (1) |
| P value | P = 0.055c | P = 0.001d | P = 0.017e | P = 0.961f | |||
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married/living as married n (%) | 61,507 (84) | 226 (82) | 7,091 (83) | 941 (83) | 6,150 (84) | 3,730 (83) | 2,420 (84) |
| Other (divorced) n (%) | 11,641 (16) | 49 (18) | 1,410 (17) | 198 (17) | 1,212 (16) | 755 (17) | 457 (16) |
| P value | P = 0.110c | P = 0.589d | P = 0.437e | P = 0.284f | |||
| Occupation present or last paid | |||||||
| Managerial n (%) | 9,948 (44) | 106 (41)b | 3,783 (46)b | 499 (49) | 3,284 (46) | 2,024 (47) | 1,260 (44) |
| Intermediate n (%) | 3,886 (17) | 44 (17) | 1,351 (16) | 155 (15) | 1,196 (17) | 734 (17) | 462 (16) |
| Working n (%) | 8,717 (39) | 110 (42)b | 3,067 (37)b | 355 (35) | 2,712 (38) | 1,588 (37) | 1,124 (39) |
| P value | P = 0.005c | P = 0.073d | P = 0.036e | P = 0.018f | |||
| Cancer/treatment history | |||||||
| Previous PSA test (%) | 9,229 (13)b | 17 (6)b | 1,594 (19)b | 279 (25)b | 1,315 (18)b | 892 (20)b | 423 (15)b |
| P value | P < 0.001c | P < 0.001d | P < 0.001e | P < 0.001f | |||
| Previous urinary/prostate treatment (%) | 5,980 (8)b | 24 (9)b | 1,069 (13)b | 171 (15)b | 898 (12)b | 644 (14)b | 254 (9)b |
| P value | P < 0.001c | P = 0.058d | P = 0.007e | P < 0.001f | |||
| Family history of cancer (prostate only) (%) | 3,748 (6)b | 17 (7) | 554 (7)b | 70 (7) | 484 (7) | 264 (7)b | 220 (9)b |
| P value | P < 0.001c | P = 0.765d | P = 0.652e | P = 0.002f | |||
| Family history of cancer (all) (%) | 36,541 (53) | 144 (57) | 4,445 (56) | 569 (54) | 3,876 (56) | 2,320 (55) | 1,556 (57) |
| P value | P < 0.001c | P = 0.567d | P = 0.177e | P = 0.030f | |||
| Deprivation score (overall n) | 73,027 | 279 | 8,488 | 1,143 | 7,345 | 4,484 | 2,861 |
| Living in an area of deprivation n (%) | 10,016 (14) | 34 (12) | 1,097 (13) | 152 (13) | 945 (13) | 538 (12)b | 407 (14)b |
| P value | P = 0.044c | P = 0.718d | P = 0.685e | P = 0.005f | |||
| PSA level at baseline (n) | 73,538 | 280 | 8,566 | 1,152 | 7,414 | 4,518 | 2,896 |
| Median PSA level (IQR) | 0.9 (0.9)b | 32.1 (29.0)b | 4.2 (2.5)b | 3.9 (2.0) | 4.3 (2.5) | 4.1 (2.0) | 4.8 (3.4) |
| P value | P < 0.001e | P < 0.001f | |||||
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; ProtecT, prostate testing for cancer and treatment; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; RR, risk ratio.
a
Forty-six men had no result.
b
Differences of interest when using the ≥0.5 SDS cutoff for continuous outcomes or the ≤0.9 RR cutoff for categorical outcomes.
c
Comparison between PSA <3 and eligible PSA.
d
Comparison between PSA ≥20 and eligible PSA.
e
Comparison between those who had a biopsy and those who did not.
f
Comparison between those with a negative biopsy result and those with a positive biopsy result.