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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Oct 5;27(3):353–365. doi: 10.1007/s00787-017-1055-2

Table 1.

Sex Differences in Sleep Functioning among Children with ADHD

Females (n = 56)
Males (n = 125)
Sex Differences
Variable M SD M SD t d
Bedtime Resistance 9.04 3.53 7.76 2.61 2.42* 0.41
Sleep Anxiety 6.39 2.58 5.30 1.73 2.90** 0.50
Sleep Onset Delay 1.71 0.87 1.64 0.75 0.56 0.09
Sleep Duration 4.45 1.89 3.78 1.48 2.33* 0.39
Night Wakings 4.14 1.58 3.68 1.37 2.01* 0.31
Parasomnias 9.46 2.35 8.58 1.72 2.52* 0.43
Sleep Disordered Breathing 3.43 1.20 3.17 0.42 1.58 0.29
Daytime Sleepiness 13.71 3.77 12.09 3.23 2.97** 0.46
Total Sleep Disturbance 49.23 11.68 43.37 8.13 3.41** 0.58

Note. ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.